对针对幼儿园至六年级学生的癌症教育课程进行试点测试。

Pilot-testing a cancer education curriculum for grades K-6.

作者信息

Schonfeld D J, Bases H, Quackenbush M, Mayne S, Morra M, Cicchetti D

机构信息

Yale Cancer Center of Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University School of Nursing, Dept. of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St., PO Box 208064, New Haven, CT 06520-8064, USA.

出版信息

J Sch Health. 2001 Feb;71(2):61-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2001.tb06492.x.

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.2001.tb06492.x

PMID:11247381

Abstract

Risk behaviors established during childhood including tobacco use, sunning, and eating habits contribute to most adult cancers. This project pilot-tested a developmentally appropriate cancer prevention curriculum for grades K-6, using a treatment group only design with pretesting and posttesting using a standardized, semistructured interview and involving 67 students (77% of eligible students) attending mixed grade classes. A seven-unit curriculum based on cognitive development, social cognitive, and social influence theories was taught by classroom teachers. Students showed a significant (p < .0001) gain in conceptual understanding for causality and prevention of cancer; the gain for causality of cancer was comparable to the baseline difference between kindergarten and the highest (5-6) grade. Significant gains in factual knowledge and decreases in misconceptions about casual contact also were documented. A developmentally based elementary school cancer prevention curriculum can enhance young children's conceptual understanding and factual knowledge of common contributors to adult cancers.

摘要

童年时期养成的危险行为，包括吸烟、晒太阳和饮食习惯，是大多数成人癌症的成因。本项目对针对幼儿园至六年级学生的、适合其发育阶段的癌症预防课程进行了试点测试，采用仅设治疗组的设计，通过标准化的半结构化访谈进行预测试和后测试，涉及67名学生（占符合条件学生的77%），他们就读于混合年级班级。基于认知发展、社会认知和社会影响理论的七单元课程由课堂教师授课。学生在对癌症因果关系和预防的概念理解方面有显著提高（p < .0001）；癌症因果关系方面的提高与幼儿园和最高年级（五至六年级）之间的基线差异相当。在事实性知识方面也有显著提高，对偶然接触的误解有所减少。基于发育阶段的小学癌症预防课程可以增强幼儿对成人癌症常见成因的概念理解和事实性知识了解。