Zitzmann M, Nieschlag E
Institute of Reproductive Medicine of the University, D-48129 Munster, Germany.
Eur J Endocrinol. 2001 Mar;144(3):183-97. doi: 10.1530/eje.0.1440183.
This review summarises the correlations between testosterone levels and male physical appearance and behaviour. Methodological shortcomings concerning the measurement of testosterone could limit the value of these findings. In addition, testosterone measured in body fluids represents only one step in the cascade of action from production to biological effect, and could therefore provide only a limited view of the complexity of physiological events. Testosterone levels are influenced by conditions that are partly controlled or initiated by the hormone itself, but also by circumstances beyond hormonal or individual control. Different kinds of behaviour are not only subject to influence by environment, but also androgens can reinforce the particular kind of conduct and the behavioural impact can wield negative or positive feedback on testosterone secretion. Therefore, both generalisation and individualisation of study results will lead to doubtful conclusions and prejudices. Results of such studies must be viewed with caution, and over-simplification as well as over-interpretation should be avoided.
本综述总结了睾酮水平与男性外貌及行为之间的相关性。睾酮测量方法的缺陷可能会限制这些研究结果的价值。此外，在体液中测得的睾酮仅仅是从产生到生物效应这一作用过程中的一个环节，因此只能有限地反映生理事件的复杂性。睾酮水平不仅受到部分由激素自身调控或引发的状况的影响，还受到激素或个体无法控制的情况的影响。不同类型的行为不仅会受到环境的影响，雄激素也会强化特定类型的行为，且行为影响会对睾酮分泌产生负反馈或正反馈。因此，研究结果的一概而论和个体化都会导致可疑的结论和偏见。此类研究结果必须谨慎看待，应避免过度简化和过度解读。
