Faergemann J, Bergbrant I M, Dohsé M, Scott A, Westgate G
Department of Dermatology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden.
Br J Dermatol. 2001 Mar;144(3):549-56. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04082.x.
The fact that Pityrosporum ovale plays a part in seborrhoeic dermatitis is well established but the mechanism of this relationship has not been established.
To compare the number and type of inflammatory cells and mediators in skin biopsies from normal and lesional skin from the trunk and scalp in patients with seborrhoeic dermatitis, Pityrosporum (Malassezia) folliculitis and in normal skin from healthy controls.
The skin biopsies were stained using the labelled Streptavidin-biotin
The following markers were studied: CD4, CD8, CD68, HLA-DR, NK1, CD16, C1q, C3c, IgG, CD54 (ICAM-1), interleukin (IL) -1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma.
HLA-DR+ cells were seen in the highest number, and were higher in lesional skin compared with normal skin from both patients and healthy volunteers. ICAM-1 expression was also increased in lesional skin. C1q and the interleukins showed an increased cellular and intercellular staining in patients compared with healthy controls and the intercellular staining was often more intense in lesions compared with non-lesional skin. Staining was often more intense when Malassezia (Pityrosporum ovale) yeast cells were present.
An increase in NK1+ and CD16+ cells in combination with complement activation indicates that an irritant non-immunogenic stimulation of the immune system is important. The result with the interleukins showed both an increase in the production of inflammatory interleukins as well as in the regulatory interleukins for both TH1 and TH2 cells. Similarities to the immune response described for Candida albicans infections indicate the role of Malassezia in the skin response in seborrhoeic dermatitis and Pityrosporum folliculitis.
卵圆形糠秕孢子菌在脂溢性皮炎中起作用这一事实已得到充分证实，但这种关系的机制尚未明确。
比较脂溢性皮炎、糠秕孢子菌（马拉色菌）毛囊炎患者躯干和头皮正常皮肤及皮损处皮肤活检组织中炎症细胞和介质的数量及类型，并与健康对照者的正常皮肤进行比较。
皮肤活检组织采用标记链霉亲和素 - 生物素法染色。
研究以下标志物：CD4、CD8、CD68、HLA - DR、NK1、CD16、C1q、C3c、IgG、CD54（细胞间黏附分子 - 1）、白细胞介素（IL） - 1α、IL - 1β、IL - 2、IL - 4、IL - 6、IL - 10、IL - 12、肿瘤坏死因子 - α和干扰素 - γ。
HLA - DR⁺细胞数量最多，与患者及健康志愿者的正常皮肤相比，皮损处的HLA - DR⁺细胞数量更多。皮损处细胞间黏附分子 - 1的表达也增加。与健康对照者相比，患者的C1q和白细胞介素在细胞内及细胞间的染色增强，且与非皮损皮肤相比，皮损处细胞间染色通常更强烈。当存在马拉色菌（卵圆形糠秕孢子菌）酵母细胞时，染色通常更强烈。
NK1⁺和CD16⁺细胞增加并伴有补体激活表明，免疫系统的刺激性非免疫原性刺激很重要。白细胞介素的检测结果显示，炎症性白细胞介素以及TH1和TH2细胞的调节性白细胞介素的产生均增加。与白色念珠菌感染所描述的免疫反应相似，这表明马拉色菌在脂溢性皮炎和糠秕孢子菌毛囊炎的皮肤反应中起作用。
