Edwards R G
Churchill College, Cambridge, UK.
Hum Reprod. 2000 Dec;15 Suppl 6:1-8.
Strong evidence now exists of polar axes associated with various embryological, morphogenetic and developmental events in mammals from oocyte formation to implantation. These axes strictly regulate morphogenesis throughout the pre- and post-implantation stages. They are expressed by gradients in gene products and organelles, control ooplasmic and cytoplasmic rotations coupled with specific cleavage planes, and the imposition of body axes on embryo and fetus. The expression of polarities in preimplantation and implanting embryos, and their relationship with the implantation process, are discussed in this paper. A deeper understanding of such a fundamental aspect of the genetic regulation of the embryo should help to clarify significant aspects of implantation and the clinical evaluation of human embryos in vitro.
现在有强有力的证据表明，从卵母细胞形成到着床，哺乳动物中存在与各种胚胎学、形态发生和发育事件相关的极轴。这些轴在着床前和着床后阶段严格调节形态发生。它们通过基因产物和细胞器中的梯度来表达，控制卵质和细胞质旋转以及特定的分裂平面，并将体轴施加于胚胎和胎儿。本文讨论了着床前和着床期胚胎中极性的表达及其与着床过程的关系。对胚胎遗传调控这一基本方面的更深入理解，应有助于阐明着床的重要方面以及人类胚胎体外临床评估。
