Rycroft C E, Jones M R, Gibson G R, Rastall R A
Food Microbial Sciences Unit, School of Food Biosciences, The University of Reading, UK.
Lett Appl Microbiol. 2001 Mar;32(3):156-61. doi: 10.1046/j.1472-765x.2001.00875.x.
To investigate the fermentation properties of gentio-oligosaccharides (GOS), as compared to fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) and maltodextrin in mixed faecal culture.
The substrates were incubated in 24 h batch culture fermentations of human faecal bacteria. Fluorescent in situ hybridization was used to determine changes in populations of bifidobacteria, lactobacilli, clostridia, bacteroides, streptococci and Escherichia coli. Gas and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production was also measured. GOS gave the largest significant increases in bifidobacteria, lactobacilli and total bacterial numbers during the incubations. However, FOS appeared to be a more selective prebiotic as it did not significantly stimulate growth of bacterial groups which were not probiotic in nature. GOS and maltodextrin produced the highest levels of SCFA. Lowest gas production was seen with GOS and highest with FOS.
GOS possessed bifidogenic activity in vitro. Although fermentation of GOS was not as selective as FOS, gas production was lower. Gas production is often seen as an undesirable side effect of prebiotic consumption.
The study has provided the first data on fermentation of GOS in mixed faecal culture. The study has also used molecular microbiology methods (FISH) to quantify bacterial groups. The data extend our knowledge of the selectivity of fermentation of oligosaccharides by the gut microflora.
研究低聚龙胆糖（GOS）与低聚果糖（FOS）和麦芽糊精在混合粪便培养物中的发酵特性。
将底物在人粪便细菌的24小时批次培养发酵中孵育。采用荧光原位杂交法测定双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌、梭菌、拟杆菌、链球菌和大肠杆菌菌群的变化。还测量了气体和短链脂肪酸（SCFA）的产生。在孵育过程中，GOS使双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌和总细菌数量显著增加最多。然而，FOS似乎是一种更具选择性的益生元，因为它不会显著刺激非益生菌群的生长。GOS和麦芽糊精产生的SCFA水平最高。GOS的气体产生量最低，FOS的最高。
GOS在体外具有双歧增殖活性。虽然GOS的发酵不像FOS那样具有选择性，但气体产生量较低。气体产生通常被视为食用益生元的不良副作用。
该研究提供了关于GOS在混合粪便培养物中发酵的首批数据。该研究还使用分子微生物学方法（FISH）对细菌群体进行定量。这些数据扩展了我们对肠道微生物群对寡糖发酵选择性的认识。
