Fry C J, Peterson C L
Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 373 Plantation Street, Biotech 2, Suite 301, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
Curr Biol. 2001 Mar 6;11(5):R185-97. doi: 10.1016/s0960-9822(01)00090-2.
A central problem in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression is understanding how gene-specific transcriptional activators orchestrate the recruitment of the myriad proteins that are required for transcription initiation. An emerging view indicates that activators must first target two types of chromatin remodeling enzyme to the promoter region: an ATP-dependent SWI/SNF-like complex and a histone acetyltransferase. These two enzymes appear to act synergistically to establish a local chromatin structure that is permissive for subsequent events. Furthermore, several recent studies indicate that the recruitment of chromatin remodeling enzymes must follow an obligatory, sequential order of events that is determined by either promoter context or cell-cycle position. Here we review recent developments concerning the role of chromatin remodeling enzymes in gene regulation, and propose several models to explain how different chromatin remodeling activities can be functionally coupled.
真核基因表达调控中的一个核心问题是理解基因特异性转录激活因子如何协调募集转录起始所需的众多蛋白质。一种新出现的观点表明，激活因子必须首先将两种染色质重塑酶靶向启动子区域：一种依赖ATP的SWI/SNF样复合物和一种组蛋白乙酰转移酶。这两种酶似乎协同作用以建立一种允许后续事件发生的局部染色质结构。此外，最近的几项研究表明，染色质重塑酶的募集必须遵循由启动子背景或细胞周期位置决定的强制性、顺序性事件顺序。在这里，我们综述了关于染色质重塑酶在基因调控中作用的最新进展，并提出了几种模型来解释不同的染色质重塑活性如何在功能上相互耦合。
