Krishnaswamy G, Youngberg G
Division of Allergy and Immunology, James H. Quillen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, PO Box 70622, Johnson City, TN 37614-0622, USA.
Postgrad Med. 2001 Feb;109(2):107-8, 111-4, 119-23. doi: 10.3810/pgm.2001.02.861.
Urticaria and angioedema are common dermatologic problems seen by primary care physicians. A carefully taken history, physical examination, specific tests, and skin biopsy often provide useful diagnostic information. In patients with chronic urticaria, urticarial vasculitis and diseases that mimic urticaria need to be ruled out. A variety of treatment options are available for patients with urticaria and urticarial vasculitis. Pharmacologic therapy is useful when the specific cause is undetermined. When a trigger has been identified, the patient must avoid exposure to it. Patient education is an important component of management and should include instructions on crisis management, particularly for patients who have angioedema or a tendency for anaphylaxis.
荨麻疹和血管性水肿是初级保健医生常见的皮肤科问题。仔细采集病史、进行体格检查、特定检查及皮肤活检通常能提供有用的诊断信息。对于慢性荨麻疹患者，需要排除荨麻疹性血管炎及类似荨麻疹的疾病。荨麻疹和荨麻疹性血管炎患者有多种治疗选择。当具体病因不明时，药物治疗是有效的。一旦确定触发因素，患者必须避免接触。患者教育是管理的重要组成部分，应包括危机管理的指导，特别是对于有血管性水肿或过敏倾向的患者。
