Watson A, Hanrahan P, Luchins D, Lurigio A
Chicago Consortium for Stigma Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Chicago, Tinley Park, Illinois 60477, USA.
Psychiatr Serv. 2001 Apr;52(4):477-81. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.52.4.477.
Mental health courts are emerging in communities across the country to address the growing number of individuals with serious mental illness in jails and the complex issues they present to the courts. Based on concepts of therapeutic jurisprudence and patterned after drug courts, mental health courts attempt to prevent criminalization and recidivism by providing critical mental health services. The authors describe mental health courts in Broward County, Florida; King County, Washington; Anchorage, Alaska; and Marion County, Indiana. Each of these courts is designed to meet the specific needs and resources of its jurisdiction. The courts' experiences suggest that involving all players from the beginning is essential. The authors discuss the issues of due process, availability of services, and control of resources, which must be addressed before mental health courts are widely implemented.
心理健康法庭正在美国各地的社区中兴起，以应对监狱中患有严重精神疾病的人数不断增加的情况以及他们给法庭带来的复杂问题。基于治疗法学的概念并仿照毒品法庭，心理健康法庭试图通过提供关键的心理健康服务来防止刑事定罪和累犯。作者描述了佛罗里达州布劳沃德县、华盛顿州金县、阿拉斯加安克雷奇市和印第安纳州马里恩县的心理健康法庭。这些法庭中的每一个都是为满足其管辖范围内的特定需求和资源而设计的。法庭的经验表明，从一开始就让所有相关方参与至关重要。作者讨论了正当程序、服务可及性和资源控制等问题，这些问题在心理健康法庭广泛实施之前必须得到解决。
