Simonato L, Agudo A, Ahrens W, Benhamou E, Benhamou S, Boffetta P, Brennan P, Darby S C, Forastiere F, Fortes C, Gaborieau V, Gerken M, Gonzales C A, Jöckel K H, Kreuzer M, Merletti F, Nyberg F, Pershagen G, Pohlabeln H, Rösch F, Whitley E, Wichmann H E, Zambon P
Venetian Tumour Registry, University of Padua, via Gattamelata 64, Padua 35128, Italy.
Int J Cancer. 2001 Mar 15;91(6):876-87. doi: 10.1002/1097-0215(200102)9999:9999<::aid-ijc1139>3.0.co;2-7.
Ten case-control studies have been carried out in 6 European countries to investigate the major risk factors for lung cancer. Carcinogenic effect from cigarette smoke was the most relevant interest in our study, which has included 7,609 cases of lung cancer and 10,431 controls, mainly population based. The results indicate elevated odds ratios (ORs; 23.9 among men and 8.7 among women) with attributable risks exceeding 90% for men and close to 60% for women. A large, and statistically significant, variability of the results across countries was detected after adjusting for the most common confounding variables, and after controlling, at least in part, for the instability of the ORs due to the small number of non-smokers in some of the study subsets. This pattern of lung cancer risk associated with cigarettes smoke, across different European regions, reflects inherent characteristics of the studies as well as differences in smoking habits, particularly calendar periods of starting, and it is likely to have been influenced by effect modifiers like indoor radon exposure, occupation, air pollution and dietary habits.
在6个欧洲国家开展了10项病例对照研究，以调查肺癌的主要风险因素。香烟烟雾的致癌作用是我们研究中最相关的关注点，该研究纳入了7609例肺癌病例和10431名对照，主要基于人群。结果显示比值比（OR）升高（男性为23.9，女性为8.7），男性的归因风险超过90%，女性接近60%。在对最常见的混杂变量进行调整后，以及在至少部分控制了由于某些研究亚组中不吸烟者数量较少导致的OR不稳定之后，检测到各国结果存在很大且具有统计学意义的差异。这种与香烟烟雾相关的肺癌风险模式，在不同欧洲地区有所不同，反映了研究的固有特征以及吸烟习惯的差异，特别是开始吸烟的日历时期，并且很可能受到诸如室内氡暴露、职业、空气污染和饮食习惯等效应修饰因素的影响。
