Heistaro S, Laatikainen T, Vartiainen E, Puska P, Uutela A, Pokusajeva S, Uhanov M
National Public Health Institute, Department of Health and Disability, Mannerheimintie 160, 00300 Helsinki, Finland.
Eur J Public Health. 2001 Mar;11(1):74-80. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/11.1.74.
Major differences in mortality, cardiovascular disease risk factors and health behaviour are known to exist between the populations of eastern Finland and the Republic of Karelia, Russia. Little is known, however, whether similar differences exist in subjective health.
In spring 1992 a population survey was conducted in North Karelia, Finland and in the area of Pitkäranta, Republic of Karelia, Russia. Random population samples (n = 2,000 in North Karelia and n = 1,000 in Pitkäranta) stratified for age and sex were taken from the population registers. The subjects completed questionnaires and were examined at local health centres.
In North Karelia 50% of men reported their health as being quite good or very good, compared to 34% in Pitkäranta (p < 0.0001 for area difference). Among women the corresponding percentages were 58% in North Karelia and 22% in Pitkäranta (p < 0.0001). High household income and education were associated with good self-rated health among both sexes in North Karelia and among women but not men in Pitkäranta. Self-reported physical condition was better in North Karelia than in Pitkäranta (p < 0.0001). Psychosomatic symptoms (p = 0.0002 among men and p < 0.0001 among women) and many somatic symptoms were more prevalent in Pitkäranta than in North Karelia.
In general, people in North Karelia, Finland feel healthier than people in the neighbouring Republic of Karelia, Russia. Socioeconomic differences in subjective health are less prominent in the Republic of Karelia.
已知芬兰东部和俄罗斯卡累利阿共和国人群在死亡率、心血管疾病风险因素及健康行为方面存在重大差异。然而，对于主观健康方面是否存在类似差异却知之甚少。
1992年春季，在芬兰北卡累利阿和俄罗斯卡累利阿共和国的皮特卡兰塔地区进行了一项人口调查。从人口登记册中抽取按年龄和性别分层的随机人口样本（北卡累利阿2000人，皮特卡兰塔1000人）。受试者填写问卷并在当地健康中心接受检查。
在北卡累利阿，50%的男性称自己的健康状况相当好或非常好，而在皮特卡兰塔这一比例为34%（地区差异p<0.0001）。女性中，北卡累利阿的相应比例为58%，皮特卡兰塔为22%（p<0.0001）。在北卡累利阿，高家庭收入和教育与男女的良好自评健康相关，而在皮特卡兰塔，仅与女性相关，与男性无关。北卡累利阿自我报告的身体状况优于皮特卡兰塔（p<0.0001）。心身症状（男性中p = 0.0002，女性中p<0.0001）和许多躯体症状在皮特卡兰塔比在北卡累利阿更普遍。
总体而言，芬兰北卡累利阿的人们感觉比邻国俄罗斯卡累利阿共和国居民更健康。在卡累利阿共和国，主观健康方面的社会经济差异不太显著。
