Mavromichalis I, Anagnostopoulos D, Metaxas N, Papanastassiou E
Second Paediatric Department, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki (Greece), AHEPA General Hospital.
Headache. 1999 Nov-Dec;39(10):728-36. doi: 10.1046/j.1526-4610.1999.3910728.x.
To determine the prevalence of migraine and its association with age, gender, and social class and to find out whether or not the headache and nonheadache characteristics differ between children with migraine, with and without aura, using the diagnostic criteria of the International Headache Society for childhood migraine.
Population-based study in two stages comprising an initial screening questionnaire followed by telephone interviews of children with symptoms.
Eighteen kindergarten and 39 primary and secondary schools in Thessaloniki and its semiurban areas.
Four thousand children, aged 4 to 15 years, representing a random sample of 5% of schoolchildren in Thessaloniki and its semiurban areas.
(1) The prevalence of migraine, (2) the connection of migraine with social class, (3) differences in the occurrence of individual symptoms between migraine with and without aura.
The results of the present study show that migraine prevalence was 6.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.4 to 7.0). The estimated prevalences of migraine with and without aura were 2.8% (95% CI, 2.3 to 3.4) and 3.4% (CI, 2.8 to 4.0), respectively. The prevalence of migraine increased with age and it was found to be almost equal in boys and girls aged 7 to 9 years or younger, but in older age groups the prevalence was higher in girls than in boys. The data showed no evidence that connected migraine with social class. It also showed that except for the aura, the headache (e.g., frequency, duration, location, quality, and severity) and nonheadache (e.g., nausea, vomiting, phonophobia, and photophobia) characteristics were no different between children with migraine, with and without aura. In conclusion, our findings indicate that migraine is a common underdiagnosed cause of severe recurrent headache in children. The findings show that childhood migraine is not connected with social class and varies with age and gender, and that except for the aura, both migraine with and without aura are so similar in their headache and nonheadache clinical characteristics that a common pathogenesis is plausible.
确定偏头痛的患病率及其与年龄、性别和社会阶层的关联，并使用国际头痛协会儿童偏头痛诊断标准，探究有先兆和无先兆偏头痛儿童的头痛及非头痛特征是否存在差异。
分两个阶段的基于人群的研究，包括初始筛查问卷，随后对有症状儿童进行电话访谈。
塞萨洛尼基及其半城市地区的18所幼儿园、39所中小学。
4000名4至15岁儿童，代表塞萨洛尼基及其半城市地区5%学童的随机样本。
（1）偏头痛患病率；（2）偏头痛与社会阶层的联系；（3）有先兆和无先兆偏头痛个体症状发生情况的差异。
本研究结果显示，偏头痛患病率为6.2%（95%置信区间[CI]，5.4至7.0）。有先兆和无先兆偏头痛的估计患病率分别为2.8%（95%CI，2.3至3.4）和3.4%（CI，2.8至4.0）。偏头痛患病率随年龄增加而升高，7至9岁及以下的男孩和女孩患病率几乎相等，但在年龄较大的组中，女孩患病率高于男孩。数据未显示偏头痛与社会阶层有关的证据。研究还表明，除了先兆外，有先兆和无先兆偏头痛儿童的头痛（如频率、持续时间、部位、性质和严重程度）及非头痛（如恶心、呕吐、恐声症和畏光症）特征并无差异。总之，我们的研究结果表明，偏头痛是儿童严重复发性头痛常见的诊断不足的原因。研究结果表明，儿童偏头痛与社会阶层无关，随年龄和性别而变化，并且除了先兆外，有先兆和无先兆偏头痛在头痛和非头痛临床特征上非常相似，因此共同的发病机制是合理的。
