Bi G, Poo M
Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3200, USA.
Annu Rev Neurosci. 2001;24:139-66. doi: 10.1146/annurev.neuro.24.1.139.
Correlated spiking of pre- and postsynaptic neurons can result in strengthening or weakening of synapses, depending on the temporal order of spiking. Recent findings indicate that there are narrow and cell type-specific temporal windows for such synaptic modification and that the generally accepted input- (or synapse-) specific rule for modification appears not to be strictly adhered to. Spike timing-dependent modifications, together with selective spread of synaptic changes, provide a set of cellular mechanisms that are likely to be important for the development and functioning of neural networks. When an axon of cell A is near enough to excite cell B or repeatedly or consistently takes part in firing it, some growth or metabolic change takes place in one or both cells such that A's efficiency, as one of the cells firing B, is increased.
突触前神经元和突触后神经元的相关放电可导致突触增强或减弱，这取决于放电的时间顺序。最近的研究结果表明，这种突触修饰存在狭窄且细胞类型特异性的时间窗口，而且普遍接受的修饰的输入（或突触）特异性规则似乎并未被严格遵守。依赖于放电时间的修饰，连同突触变化的选择性传播，提供了一组细胞机制，这些机制可能对神经网络的发育和功能很重要。当细胞A的轴突足够接近以兴奋细胞B，或者反复或持续参与激发细胞B时，一个或两个细胞会发生一些生长或代谢变化，使得作为激发细胞B的细胞之一的A的效率提高。
