Nugent A M, Gleadhill I, McCrum E, Patterson C C, Evans A, MacMahon J
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Belfast City Hospital, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7AB, N. Ireland.
J Sleep Res. 2001 Mar;10(1):69-74. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2869.2001.00226.x.
The prevalence of sleep complaints in Northern Ireland is unknown. Sleep disruption can result in excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), with significant socioeconomic consequences. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of sleep complaints and to determine risk factors for EDS in a Northern Irish community. From an urban and rural community of 499,111 people, a random sample of 3391 adult men were sent a questionnaire by mail. Questions were asked regarding sleep, EDS and medical history. There were 2364 completed questionnaires returned (response rate 70%). The mean age of respondents was 46.0 years (range 18--91 years). 26.7% of men were not satisfied with their usual night's sleep and 68% of men woke up at least once during the night. Based on pre-defined criteria, 24.6% of the population had insomnia and 19.8% had EDS. The strongest risk factor identified for EDS was a history of snoring loudly (odds ratio 2.62; 95% CI 1.82--3.77). Other risk factors included ankle swelling, feeling sad or depressed stopping sleep, experiencing vivid dreams while falling asleep, waking up feeling unrefreshed and age > 35 years. The prevalence rates of sleep complaints and EDS in this community-based study is high, although this does depend directly on the criteria used to define insomnia and EDS. Recognition of risk factors for EDS may help to identify and treat those affected.
北爱尔兰睡眠问题的患病率尚不清楚。睡眠中断会导致日间过度嗜睡(EDS),并带来重大的社会经济后果。本研究的目的是评估睡眠问题的患病率,并确定北爱尔兰一个社区中EDS的风险因素。在一个有499,111人的城乡社区中,随机抽取了3391名成年男性通过邮件发送问卷。问卷内容涉及睡眠、EDS和病史。共收回2364份完整问卷(回复率70%)。受访者的平均年龄为46.0岁(范围18 - 91岁)。26.7%的男性对其平常夜间睡眠不满意,68%的男性夜间至少醒来一次。根据预先定义的标准,24.6%的人群患有失眠症,19.8%的人群患有EDS。确定的EDS最强风险因素是大声打鼾史(比值比2.62;95%置信区间1.82 - 3.77)。其他风险因素包括脚踝肿胀、因悲伤或抑郁而影响睡眠、入睡时出现生动梦境、醒来时感觉未恢复精力以及年龄>35岁。在这项基于社区的研究中,睡眠问题和EDS的患病率较高,不过这确实直接取决于用于定义失眠症和EDS的标准。识别EDS的风险因素可能有助于识别和治疗受影响的人群。