Bullers S
University of North Carolina, Wilmington, Department of Sociology and Criminal Justice, 28403-3297, USA.
Women Health. 2000;31(2-3):97-116. doi: 10.1300/j013v31n02_05.
This study first examines gender differences in the receipt and efficacy of four types of social ties. It is hypothesized that womens relationships involve more demanding social ties, which increase rather than decrease depressive symptoms. Next, this study explores the role of perceived control as a mediator in the relationship between social tics and depressive symptoms. It is hypothesized that the association between these social ties and depressive symptoms is mediated through perceived control. Results suggest that demanding social ties have the strongest association with depressive symptoms, and that this relationship is much stronger for women than for men. Emotional support is strongly associated with depressive symptoms for men and women, whereas instrumental support and number of close ties have negligible effects on depressive symptoms. Perceived control most strongly mediates (rather than moderates) those relationships with the strongest associations: demanding ties and depressive symptoms, and emotional support and depressive symptoms. Substantial direct associations between social ties and depressive symptoms remain after removing the effects mediated by perceived control.
本研究首先考察了四种社会关系在获得情况及效果方面的性别差异。研究假设，女性的人际关系涉及要求更高的社会关系，这会增加而非减少抑郁症状。其次，本研究探讨了感知控制作为社会关系与抑郁症状之间关系的中介变量的作用。研究假设，这些社会关系与抑郁症状之间的关联是通过感知控制来介导的。结果表明，要求高的社会关系与抑郁症状的关联最强，而且这种关系在女性中比在男性中更为显著。情感支持与男性和女性的抑郁症状都密切相关，而工具性支持和亲密关系的数量对抑郁症状的影响可忽略不计。感知控制最强烈地介导（而非调节）那些关联最强的关系：要求高的关系与抑郁症状，以及情感支持与抑郁症状。在消除感知控制介导的影响后，社会关系与抑郁症状之间仍存在大量直接关联。
