Smith S K
The Rosie Hospital, Robinson Way, Dept of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK CB2 2SW.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2001 May-Jun;12(4):147-51. doi: 10.1016/s1043-2760(01)00379-4.
A crucial stage in pregnancy is the implantation of the embryo into the endometrium. The endometrium, which is situated in the lining of the uterus, is a complex structure consisting of a single epithelial layer overlying a mesenchymal stroma. Cyclical growth of the endometrium under the influence of ovarian steroids results in the establishment of a receptive endometrium. If implantation fails, or is deliberately prevented by the use of fertility regulation, the endometrium is shed by the process of menstruation. This unique system of cyclic tissue regeneration is dependent on the cyclical growth and regression of the blood vessels that supply the endometrium. Little attention has been paid to this crucial aspect of human reproduction but it now appears that many disorders that reduce the quality of life of modern women, such as heavy menstruation, endometriosis, breakthrough bleeding and infertility, might have their basis in disorders of the endometrial vasculature.
怀孕过程中的一个关键阶段是胚胎植入子宫内膜。子宫内膜位于子宫内层，是一个复杂的结构，由覆盖在间充质基质上的单层上皮组成。在卵巢类固醇的影响下，子宫内膜的周期性生长导致了接受性子宫内膜的形成。如果植入失败，或者通过使用生育调节手段故意阻止植入，子宫内膜会通过月经过程脱落。这种独特的周期性组织再生系统依赖于供应子宫内膜的血管的周期性生长和退化。人们很少关注人类生殖的这一关键方面，但现在看来，许多降低现代女性生活质量的疾病，如月经过多、子宫内膜异位症、突破性出血和不孕症，可能都源于子宫内膜血管系统的紊乱。
