Plumridge L, Abel G
Department of Public Health and General Practice, Christchurch School of Medicine, New Zealand.
Aust N Z J Public Health. 2001;25(1):78-83. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-842x.2001.tb00555.x.
Assess differences in personal circumstances, risk exposure and risk-taking among female sex workers in different sectors of the New Zealand sex industry in regard to issues of sexual safety, drug use, violence and coercion.
A cross-sectional survey of 303 female sex workers was carried out in Christchurch, New Zealand, May-September 1999.
There was evidence of 'segmentation': street workers were younger, had started work at a younger age and had less education than indoor workers. More street than indoor workers used money from sex work for drugs and used drugs at work. There was a high level of condom use but little 'negotiation' about them with clients. High levels of violent experiences were reported, but street workers reported more, and more extreme forms of, violence than indoor workers.
Although knowledge of condom use and sexual safety appears generally high and women in both sectors report taking the initiative for safer sex, drug use, violence and coercion remain of concern. While sexual safety will need ongoing health promotion and education interventions to support and ensure the uptake of safer sex practice by new workers and prevent any relapse by more experienced workers, issues of violence and coercion also require attention to the power relationships between individuals. Legislation and policy directed at these issues should encourage the control women can exert over their work practice. Reducing exposure to personal risk may require different measures in different sectors.
评估新西兰性产业不同部门的女性性工作者在性安全、吸毒、暴力和胁迫问题上的个人情况、风险暴露及冒险行为的差异。
1999年5月至9月在新西兰克赖斯特彻奇对303名女性性工作者进行了横断面调查。
有证据表明存在“分化”现象：街头工作者比室内工作者更年轻，开始工作的年龄更小，受教育程度更低。与室内工作者相比，更多街头工作者将性工作所得用于吸毒且在工作时吸毒。避孕套使用率很高，但与客户就避孕套使用的“协商”很少。报告的暴力经历发生率很高，但街头工作者报告的暴力行为比室内工作者更多，形式也更极端。
尽管避孕套使用和性安全方面的知识普遍较高，且两个部门的女性都报告采取了更安全性行为的主动措施，但吸毒、暴力和胁迫问题仍然令人担忧。虽然性安全需要持续的健康促进和教育干预措施，以支持和确保新工作者采用更安全性行为，并防止经验更丰富的工作者出现任何复发情况，但暴力和胁迫问题也需要关注个人之间的权力关系。针对这些问题的立法和政策应鼓励女性对其工作行为进行控制。降低个人风险暴露可能在不同部门需要采取不同措施。
