Kenny D A, Acitelli L K
Department of Psychology, University of Connecticut, Storrs 06269-1020, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2001 Mar;80(3):439-48. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.80.3.439.
Partners in close relationships can be both accurate and biased in their perceptions of each other. Moreover, sometimes a bias can lead to accuracy. The authors describe a paradigm for the simultaneous measurement of accuracy and bias in 2-person relationships. One prevalent bias in close relationships is assumed similarity: Does the person think that his or her partner sees the world as he or she does? In a study of 238 dating and married heterosexual couples, the authors found evidence for both bias and accuracy: the bias effects were considerably stronger, especially when the measure was linked to the relationship. They found little or no evidence for gender differences in accuracy and bias.
亲密关系中的伴侣在对彼此的认知上可能既准确又存在偏差。此外，有时一种偏差可能会导致准确性。作者描述了一种用于同时测量两人关系中准确性和偏差的范式。亲密关系中一种普遍存在的偏差是假定相似性：一个人是否认为他或她的伴侣看待世界的方式与自己相同？在一项对238对正在约会和已婚的异性恋夫妇的研究中，作者发现了偏差和准确性的证据：偏差效应要强烈得多，尤其是当测量与关系相关时。他们几乎没有发现准确性和偏差方面存在性别差异的证据。
