Jondeby M S, De-Los Santos G G, Al-Ghamdi A M, Al-Hawas F A, Mousa D H, Al-Sulaiman M H, Al-Khader A A
Department of Nephrology, Riyadh Armed Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Saudi Med J. 2001 Mar;22(3):199-204.
There are currently 5706 patients receiving hemodialysis therapy in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia - a 15 fold increase when compared to 1983. The annual increase in the number of patients on dialysis for 1999 is 696 (10 fold increase when compared to 1983). Besides the massive increase in the number of patients in the last 20 years, we have noticed a marked increase in the mean age of patients (51.3 years in 1999 as compared to 37.9 years in the early 80s). Diabetes mellitus which was an insignificant contributory etiology (4%) in the early 80s is now a major cause (16-25%). Similarly mortality has increased from 4% annually to 11-14% annually. This is largely due to increasing age and prevalence of diabetes mellitus. Within the expired cohort the mean age was 62.3 years compared to 51.3 years of the total dialysis population, and diabetes mellitus was present in 60.5% in those who expired. Moreover, ischemic heart disease was diagnosed in 50% before death. Tuberculosis and Hepatitis C virus incidences, however, have not improved over the years but the degree of rehabilitation has, largely due to better hemoglobin level and due to the technological advances in dialysis delivery. This article describes these changes, their causes and implications.
目前，沙特阿拉伯王国共有5706名患者接受血液透析治疗，与1983年相比增长了15倍。1999年透析患者数量的年增长率为696人（与1983年相比增长了10倍）。除了过去20年患者数量大幅增加外，我们还注意到患者的平均年龄显著上升（1999年为51.3岁，而80年代初为37.9岁）。糖尿病在80年代初是一个不太重要的致病因素（4%），现在已成为主要病因（16 - 25%）。同样，死亡率也从每年4%上升到了每年11 - 14%。这在很大程度上是由于年龄增长和糖尿病患病率上升。在死亡队列中，平均年龄为62.3岁，而透析患者总数的平均年龄为51.3岁，死亡患者中有60.5%患有糖尿病。此外，50%的患者在死亡前被诊断出患有缺血性心脏病。然而，多年来结核病和丙型肝炎病毒的发病率并没有改善，但康复程度有所提高，这在很大程度上归因于更好的血红蛋白水平以及透析技术的进步。本文描述了这些变化、其原因及影响。
