Li F Q, Toyazaki N, Yoshizawa T
Department of Biochemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki, Japan.
J Food Prot. 2001 Apr;64(4):567-71. doi: 10.4315/0362-028x-64.4.567.
The production of Alternaria mycotoxins by Alternaria alternata isolated from Chinese weathered wheat kernels were first investigated on polished rice and durum wheat grains. These mycotoxins included alternariol (AOH) and its monomethyl ether (AME), altenuene (ALT), altertoxin I (ATX-I), and tenuazonic acid (TA). Of 25 isolates tested, all were AOH and AME producers, 21 (84%) coproduced ALT and ATX-I, and 8 (32%) produced TA in rice culture. TA was the most abundant toxin produced at a level ranging from 1,369 to 3,563 mg/kg. Much smaller amounts of AOH, AME, ALT, and ATX-I were present with average concentrations of 54, 40, 44, and 8 mg/kg, respectively. There were linear correlations between the level of AOH and AME (r = 0.846), alternariols (AOH plus AME) and ALT (r = 0.785), and ATX-I and TA (r = 0.553). Polished rice medium seems to support a bit more production of Alternaria metabolites than wheat but with an insignificant difference in concentrations (P > 0.05). A study of the time-course of toxin production by A. alternata isolates indicated that AOH production began faster than any other toxins monitored, and ALT production exhibited a progressive increase throughout the experiment. TA producers might reveal their considerably higher ability to produce toxin in the field despite their low frequency.
首次对从中国陈化小麦籽粒中分离出的链格孢菌产生链格孢霉菌毒素的情况进行了研究，研究对象为精米和硬质小麦籽粒。这些霉菌毒素包括交链孢酚（AOH）及其单甲醚（AME）、交链孢烯（ALT）、交链孢毒素I（ATX-I）和细交链孢菌酮酸（TA）。在测试的25个分离株中，所有分离株均产生AOH和AME，21个（84%）共同产生ALT和ATX-I，8个（32%）在水稻培养物中产生TA。TA是产生量最高的毒素，含量范围为1369至3563毫克/千克。AOH、AME、ALT和ATX-I的含量要少得多，平均浓度分别为54、40、44和8毫克/千克。AOH和AME的含量之间存在线性相关性（r = 0.846），交链孢酚（AOH加AME）和ALT之间存在线性相关性（r = 0.785），ATX-I和TA之间存在线性相关性（r = 0.553）。精米培养基似乎比小麦更有利于链格孢菌代谢产物的产生，但浓度差异不显著（P > 0.05）。对链格孢菌分离株毒素产生时间进程的研究表明，AOH的产生开始得比监测的任何其他毒素都快，并且在整个实验过程中ALT的产生呈逐渐增加趋势。尽管TA产生菌的频率较低，但它们在田间可能表现出相当高的毒素产生能力。
