Magan N, Cayley G R, Lacey J
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1984 May;47(5):1113-7. doi: 10.1128/aem.47.5.1113-1117.1984.
Both water activity (aW) and temperature affected the production of altenuene (AE), alternariol (AOH), and alternariol monomethyl ether (AME) by Alternaria alternata on wheat extract agar and wheat grain. Greatest production of all three mycotoxins occurred at 0.98 aW and 25 degrees C on both substrates. At 0.98 aW and 25 degrees C, a single colony of A. alternata grown on wheat extract agar produced 807 micrograms of AOH, 603 micrograms of AME, and 169 micrograms of AE ml in 30 days. However, production of all three mycotoxins at 0.95 aW was less than 40% of these amounts. Little toxin was produced at 0.90 aW. Changing temperature and aW altered the relative amounts of the different toxins produced on agar. At 15 degrees C and 0.98 aW, maxima of 52 micrograms of AOH and 25 micrograms of AME per ml were produced after 15 and 30 days, respectively, whereas AE continued to increase and reached 57 micrograms/ml after 40 days. At 15 degrees C and 0.95 aW, production was, respectively, 62, 10, and 5 micrograms/ml after 40 days. All three metabolites were produced at 5 degrees C and 0.98 to 0.95 aW and at 30 degrees C and 0.98 to 0.90 aW. On wheat grain at 25 degrees C and 0.98 to 0.95 aW, more AME was produced than AOH or AE, but at 15 degrees C there was less AME than AOH or AE. Only trace amounts of AE, AOH, and AME were found at 15 to 25 degrees C and 0.90 aW, but production of AME was inhibited at 30 degrees C and 0.95 aW or less.
水分活度（aW）和温度均会影响链格孢菌在小麦提取物琼脂和小麦籽粒上产细交链孢菌酮酸（AE）、交链孢酚（AOH）和交链孢酚单甲醚（AME）的情况。在两种底物上，当水分活度为0.98且温度为25℃时，这三种霉菌毒素的产量均最高。在水分活度为0.98且温度为25℃的条件下，接种于小麦提取物琼脂上的链格孢菌单个菌落，在30天内可产生807微克的AOH、603微克的AME和169微克的AE/ml。然而，在水分活度为0.95时，这三种霉菌毒素的产量均不足上述产量的40%。在水分活度为0.90时，毒素产量很低。改变温度和水分活度会改变琼脂上所产不同毒素的相对含量。在15℃和水分活度为0.98时，分别于15天和30天后每毫升产生的AOH和AME最大值分别为52微克和25微克，而AE持续增加，40天后达到57微克/ml。在15℃和水分活度为0.95时，40天后的产量分别为62微克/ml、10微克/ml和5微克/ml。在5℃和水分活度为0.98至0.95时以及在30℃和水分活度为0.98至0.90时，均能产生这三种代谢产物。在25℃和水分活度为0.98至0.95时的小麦籽粒上，AME的产量高于AOH或AE，但在15℃时，AME的产量低于AOH或AE。在15至25℃和水分活度为0.90时，仅发现痕量的AE、AOH和AME，但在30℃和水分活度为0.95及更低时，AME的产生受到抑制。
