Boshoff C, Weiss R A
Department of Oncology and Molecular Pathology, The Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, Cruciform Building, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1 6BT, UK.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2001 Apr 29;356(1408):517-34. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2000.0778.
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) occurs in Europe and the Mediterranean countries (classic KS) and Africa (endemic KS), immunosuppressed patients (iatrogenic or post-transplant KS) and those with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), especially among those who acquired human immunodeficiency virus sexually (AIDS-KS). KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV or HHV-8) is unusual among herpesviruses in having a restricted geographical distribution. Like KS, which it induces in immunosuppressed or elderly people, the virus is prevalent in Africa, in Mediterranean countries, among Jews and Arabs and certain Amerindians. Distinct KSHV genotypes occur in different parts of the world, but have not been identified as having a differential pathogenesis. KSHV is aetiologically linked to three distinct neoplasms: (i) KS, (ii) primary effusion lymphoma, and (iii) plasmablastic multicentric Castleman's disease. The histogenesis, clonality and pathology of the tumours are described, together with the epidemiology and possible modes of transmission of the virus.
卡波西肉瘤（KS）发生于欧洲和地中海国家（经典型KS）、非洲（地方性KS）、免疫抑制患者（医源性或移植后KS）以及获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）患者中，尤其是那些通过性接触感染人类免疫缺陷病毒的患者（AIDS相关KS）。卡波西肉瘤相关疱疹病毒（KSHV或HHV - 8）在疱疹病毒中不同寻常，其地理分布有限。如同它在免疫抑制或老年人中诱发的KS一样，该病毒在非洲、地中海国家、犹太人和阿拉伯人以及某些美洲印第安人中普遍存在。不同的KSHV基因型出现在世界不同地区，但尚未发现它们具有不同的发病机制。KSHV在病因学上与三种不同的肿瘤相关：（i）KS，（ii）原发性渗出性淋巴瘤，以及（iii）浆母细胞性多中心Castleman病。本文描述了这些肿瘤的组织发生、克隆性和病理学，以及该病毒的流行病学和可能的传播方式。
