Kernberg O F
Columbia University Center for Psychoanalytic Training and Research
Am J Psychother. 2000 Fall;54(4):452-76. doi: 10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.2000.54.4.452.
This paper carries out an analysis of the nature of mature religiosity of the basis of psychoanalytic findings and concepts, rather than attempting a philosophical and theological approach to religion. It highlights a striking correspondence between the characteristics of mature religiosity, derived from the various sources of development of the ego-ideal and the superego, and reflecting a dominance of love over hatred, of libido over the death drive as an aspect of psychological health and maturity, on the one hand, and the characteristics of the Deity in Judeo-Christian religions, on the other. At a clinical level, one of the functions of the psychotherapist is to explore the extent to which religiosity as a mature desire for a transpersonal system of morality and ethical values is available to our patients. Psychotherapy also has to help certain patients to free themselves from the use of formal religious commitments as a rationalization of hatred and destructiveness directed against self or others.
本文基于精神分析的发现和概念，对成熟宗教性的本质进行分析，而非试图采用哲学和神学的方法来探讨宗教。它强调了成熟宗教性的特征之间存在着惊人的对应关系。一方面，成熟宗教性源于自我理想和超我的各种发展来源，反映了爱对恨、力比多对死亡驱力的主导，这是心理健康和成熟的一个方面；另一方面，成熟宗教性的特征与犹太 - 基督教中神的特征相对应。在临床层面，心理治疗师的功能之一是探索宗教性作为对超个人道德和伦理价值体系的成熟渴望，在多大程度上为我们的患者所具备。心理治疗还必须帮助某些患者摆脱将形式上的宗教承诺用作针对自己或他人的仇恨和破坏行为的合理化借口。
