Ju G
Institute of Neurosciences, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China.
Ital J Anat Embryol. 1998;103(4 Suppl 1):325-34.
It is generally acknowledged that the anterior hypophysis is not directly regulated by neural elements. Our studies in the past decade, however, have demonstrated otherwise. The anterior pituitary gland has been found to be actually under neural-humoral dual regulation. The present article outlines the main data that have led us to this conclusion. Evidence that is related to direct neural regulation of the reproductive functions of the anterior hypophysis is provided in great detail. Thus, synapses have been demonstrated between the nerve fibers innervating the anterior pituitary gland and the gonadotropes and lactotropes. Furthermore, there is ultrastructural evidence indicating that synaptic activities may induce secretion of the gland cells. Hormone manipulation study shows that following ovariectomy there is a significant increase of nerve fibers in the anterior pituitary gland, which is related to plasma estrogen level.
人们普遍认为垂体前叶不受神经因素的直接调节。然而，我们在过去十年中的研究表明并非如此。现已发现垂体前叶实际上受神经 - 体液双重调节。本文概述了使我们得出这一结论的主要数据。文中详细提供了与垂体前叶生殖功能直接神经调节相关的证据。因此，已证实在支配垂体前叶的神经纤维与促性腺激素细胞和催乳激素细胞之间存在突触。此外，有超微结构证据表明突触活动可能诱导腺细胞分泌。激素操纵研究表明，卵巢切除术后垂体前叶神经纤维显著增加，这与血浆雌激素水平有关。
