Ma D, Zhao C, Mayhew T M, Ju G
Department of Neuromorphology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
J Neuroendocrinol. 1997 Oct;9(10):735-40. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2826.1997.00636.x.
The mammalian anterior pituitary has recently been shown to be innervated by substantial amounts of peptidergic nerve fibres. It has also been found that adrenalectomy increases the amount of calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactive nerve fibres in the anterior pituitary of the rat, and that stimulation of the nerve fibres in vitro can enhance release of ACTH. In the present study, the density of substance P-like immunoreactive nerve fibres in the anterior pituitary of the rat were examined in relation to variations in plasma oestrogen status. The amount of substance P-like immunoreactive nerve fibres increased significantly (P < 0.001) after ovariectomy, and decreased significantly (P < 0.01) under oestrogen replacement, in a dose-dependent manner. The results suggest the possibility of the direct neural involvement of oestrogen secretion in anterior pituitary regulation, which further substantiates the hypothesis of neural-humoral dual regulation of the mammalian anterior pituitary.
最近研究表明，哺乳动物的垂体前叶受大量肽能神经纤维支配。还发现，肾上腺切除术可增加大鼠垂体前叶中降钙素基因相关肽样免疫反应性神经纤维的数量，并且体外刺激这些神经纤维可增强促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）的释放。在本研究中，研究了大鼠垂体前叶中P物质样免疫反应性神经纤维的密度与血浆雌激素状态变化的关系。卵巢切除术后，P物质样免疫反应性神经纤维的数量显著增加（P<0.001），而在雌激素替代治疗下则显著减少（P<0.01），且呈剂量依赖性。结果提示雌激素分泌可能直接通过神经参与垂体前叶的调节，这进一步证实了哺乳动物垂体前叶神经-体液双重调节的假说。
