Bertocci G E, Szobota S, Ha D R, van Roosmalen L
University of Pittsburgh, Department of Rehabilitation Science and Technology, PA 15260, USA.
J Rehabil Res Dev. 2000 Sep-Oct;37(5):565-72.
When designing wheelchairs for use as motor vehicle seats, special design criteria must be followed to assure the crash safety of the wheelchair user. Failure of seating system components under crash loading conditions could lead to serious injury or fatality. In this study, seat and seat-back loading in a frontal crash are explored using computer simulation techniques. A previously validated simulation model consisting of a powerbase wheelchair and a seated 50th-percentile male test dummy subjected to a 20g/30mph frontal impact were used for the study. Since such a wide range of seating systems are available, parametric analyses were conducted to evaluate the influence of surface stiffness and seat-back angle on wheelchair seat and back loading. Seat loading varied with stiffness, ranging from 819-3,273 lb., while seat-back loading was found to be between 1,427-2,691 lb., depending upon back stiffness and recline angle.
在设计用作机动车座椅的轮椅时，必须遵循特殊的设计标准，以确保轮椅使用者在碰撞时的安全。碰撞载荷条件下座椅系统部件的失效可能导致严重伤害或死亡。在本研究中，使用计算机模拟技术探讨了正面碰撞时座椅和椅背的载荷情况。研究采用了一个先前经过验证的模拟模型，该模型由一个电动轮椅和一个坐姿为第50百分位的男性测试假人组成，使其承受20g/30mph的正面碰撞。由于有如此广泛的座椅系统可供选择，因此进行了参数分析，以评估表面刚度和椅背角度对轮椅座椅和椅背载荷的影响。座椅载荷随刚度变化，范围为819 - 3273磅，而椅背载荷则根据椅背刚度和倾斜角度在1427 - 2691磅之间。
