Injury Risk Assessment and Prevention (iRAP) Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
Med Eng Phys. 2010 Jan;32(1):66-75. doi: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2009.10.009. Epub 2009 Nov 28.
It has been shown that ANSI WC19 transit wheelchairs that are crashworthy in frontal impact exhibit catastrophic failures in rear impact and may not be able to provide stable seating support and thus occupant protection for the wheelchair occupant. Thus far only limited sled test and computer simulation data have been available to study rear impact wheelchair safety. Computer modeling can be used as an economic and comprehensive tool to gain critical knowledge regarding wheelchair integrity and occupant safety. This study describes the development and validation of a computer model simulating an adult wheelchair-seated occupant subjected to a rear impact event. The model was developed in MADYMO and validated rigorously using the results of three similar sled tests conducted to specifications provided in the draft ISO/TC 173 standard. Outcomes from the model can provide critical wheelchair loading information to wheelchair and tiedown manufacturers, resulting in safer wheelchair designs for rear impact conditions.
已经表明，在正面碰撞中具有耐撞性的 ANSI WC19 过境轮椅在后部碰撞中表现出灾难性故障，并且可能无法为轮椅使用者提供稳定的座椅支撑和因此为其提供保护。到目前为止，只有有限的 sled 测试和计算机模拟数据可用于研究后部碰撞轮椅安全。计算机建模可用作经济且全面的工具，以获取有关轮椅完整性和乘员安全性的关键知识。本研究描述了一种计算机模型的开发和验证，该模型模拟了在后部碰撞事件中承受负荷的成年轮椅使用者。该模型是在 MADYMO 中开发的，并使用按照 ISO/TC 173 标准草案提供的规范进行的三项类似 sled 测试的结果进行了严格验证。该模型的结果可为轮椅和系固制造商提供关键的轮椅加载信息，从而为后部碰撞条件下的更安全的轮椅设计提供了支持。
