Alston P K, Kuller J A, McMahon M J
School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.
Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2001 May;56(5):289-95. doi: 10.1097/00006254-200105000-00024.
A growing number of transplant recipients are women of reproductive age or children who will reach reproductive age. Thus, menstrual function and pregnancy increasingly are important issues because fertility is restored to women who were previously unable to conceive. To date, successful pregnancies have been reported in female recipients of kidney, liver, heart, pancreas-liver, bone marrow, and lung transplants. Women often become pregnant while being maintained on numerous medications, including immunosuppressive agents, and their care providers must be able to counsel and care for them. Information to date suggests that immunosuppressive medications are safe for use during pregnancy and are important in preventing maternal and fetal complications secondary to graft rejection. Although no formal guidelines have been established due to limited clinical experience, there are a few criteria that are commonly agreed on to improve the probability of a successful pregnancy outcome and the maintenance of graft function in transplant patients. Successful management of the pregnant transplant patient requires a cooperative effort between the obstetrician and transplant team.
越来越多的移植受者是育龄妇女或即将达到育龄的儿童。因此，月经功能和怀孕日益成为重要问题，因为此前无法受孕的女性恢复了生育能力。迄今为止，已有肾、肝、心、胰 - 肝、骨髓和肺移植女性受者成功怀孕的报道。女性在服用包括免疫抑制剂在内的多种药物维持治疗期间常常怀孕，其医护人员必须能够为她们提供咨询和护理。目前的信息表明，免疫抑制药物在孕期使用是安全的，对于预防因移植排斥导致的母婴并发症很重要。尽管由于临床经验有限尚未制定正式指南，但有一些普遍认可的标准可提高移植患者成功妊娠结局的可能性并维持移植物功能。成功管理妊娠移植患者需要产科医生和移植团队的共同努力。
