Clarke A R, Barry R J, McCarthy R, Selikowitz M
Department of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, NSW 2522, Wollongong, Australia.
Clin Neurophysiol. 2001 May;112(5):815-26. doi: 10.1016/s1388-2457(01)00487-4.
This study investigated age-related changes and sex differences in the EEGs of two groups of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) combined type and ADHD predominantly inattentive type, in comparison with a control group of normal children.
Forty boys and forty girls were included in each group. The EEG was recorded during an eyes-closed resting condition and Fourier transformed to provide estimates for total power, absolute and relative power in the delta, theta, alpha and beta bands, and for theta/alpha and theta/beta ratios.
Total power, relative alpha, and the theta/alpha and theta/beta ratios were differentiated between all 3 groups. Sex differences between the ADHD subjects and the control group were greater in males than females and matured faster in males. With increasing age, the EEG of the ADHD inattentive group was found to change at a similar rate to the changes found in the normal group, with the differences in power levels remaining constant. In the ADHD combined group, the power was found to change at a greater rate than in the ADHD inattentive group, with power levels of the two ADHD groups becoming similar with age.
These results are supportive of a two-component model of ADHD, with the hyperactive/impulsive component maturing with age and the inattentive component remaining more stable.
本研究调查了两组注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）合并型和主要为注意力不集中型ADHD儿童的脑电图与正常儿童对照组相比的年龄相关变化和性别差异。
每组纳入40名男孩和40名女孩。在闭眼休息状态下记录脑电图，并进行傅里叶变换，以提供对总功率、δ、θ、α和β波段的绝对和相对功率以及θ/α和θ/β比值的估计。
所有3组之间的总功率、相对α以及θ/α和θ/β比值存在差异。ADHD受试者与对照组之间的性别差异在男性中比女性更大，且在男性中成熟得更快。随着年龄的增长，发现注意力不集中型ADHD组的脑电图变化速率与正常组相似，功率水平差异保持不变。在ADHD合并组中，发现功率变化速率比注意力不集中型ADHD组更大，两个ADHD组的功率水平随着年龄增长变得相似。
这些结果支持ADHD的双成分模型，其中多动/冲动成分随年龄成熟，而注意力不集中成分保持更稳定。
