Salomon O D, Zaidenberg M, Burgos R, Heredia V I, Caropresi S L
Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico e Investigación en Endemoepidemias CeNDIE-ANLIS 'Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán', Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 2001 Mar-Apr;43(2):105-8. doi: 10.1590/s0036-46652001000200010.
An American cutaneous leishmaniasis outbreak, with cases clustering during 1993 in Tartagal city, Salta, was reported. The outbreak involved 102 individuals, 43.1% of them with multiple ulcers. Age (mean: 33 years old) and sex distribution of cases (74.5% males), as well as working activity (70 forest-related), support the hypothesis of classical forest transmission leishmaniasis, despite the fact that the place of permanent residence was in periurban Tartagal. Moreover, during July, sandflies were only collected from one of the 'deforestation areas'. Lutzomyia intermedia was the single species of the 491 phlebotomines captured, reinforcing the vector incrimination of this species. Most infections must have been acquired during the fall (April to June), a pattern consistent with previous sandfly population dynamics data. Based on the epidemiological and entomological results, it was advised not to do any vector-targeted periurban control measures during July. Further studies should be done to assess if the high rate of multiple lesions was due to parasite factors or to infective vector density factors.
据报道，1993年在萨尔塔省塔尔塔加尔市爆发了美洲皮肤利什曼病，病例集中出现。此次疫情涉及102人，其中43.1%的人有多处溃疡。病例的年龄（平均：33岁）和性别分布（74.5%为男性），以及工作活动（70%与森林相关），支持了经典森林传播型利什曼病的假设，尽管患者的永久居住地在塔尔塔加尔城郊。此外，7月期间，仅在其中一个“砍伐林区”采集到了白蛉。在捕获的491只白蛉中，中间罗蛉是唯一的物种，这进一步证实了该物种为传播媒介。大多数感染肯定是在秋季（4月至6月）获得的，这一模式与之前白蛉种群动态数据一致。根据流行病学和昆虫学结果，建议7月期间不在城郊采取任何针对传播媒介的控制措施。应进一步开展研究，以评估多处病灶的高发生率是由寄生虫因素还是感染性传播媒介密度因素所致。
