Instituto de Investigaciones en Enfermedades Tropicales, Sede Regional Orán, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2013 Mar;88(3):578-82. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.12-0475. Epub 2013 Jan 21.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic in Salta, the northwestern province of Argentina. We describe an outbreak involving five recreational hunters whose exposure was limited to several hours in a residual patch of primary forest. All patients presented with typical cutaneous lesions after a mean incubation period of 59 days (range 15-78), and one developed simultaneous mucosal involvement. Polymerase chain reaction analysis of lesions confirmed Leishmania (V.) braziliensis as the etiologic agent in three cases. All patients were cured with anti-Leishmania treatment. Entomologic surveys in the transmission area revealed a predominance of Lutzomyia neivai. This outbreak report confirms a microfocal transmission pattern of tegumentary leishmaniasis in the Americas and based on a well-determined exposure, allows the determination of incubation times for leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania braziliensis.
皮肤利什曼病在阿根廷西北部的萨尔塔省流行。我们描述了一起暴发疫情，涉及五名娱乐性猎人，他们的暴露仅限于原始森林的一小片残留区域，暴露时间仅数小时。所有患者在平均潜伏期 59 天后（范围 15-78 天）出现典型的皮肤病变，其中 1 例同时出现粘膜受累。对病变进行聚合酶链反应分析证实，有 3 例是由利什曼原虫（V.）巴西利什曼原虫引起的。所有患者均经抗利什曼病治疗治愈。在传播地区的昆虫学调查显示，卢茨omyia neivai 占主导地位。本暴发报告证实了美洲皮肤利什曼病的微小焦点传播模式，并且基于明确的暴露，确定了由巴西利什曼原虫引起的利什曼病的潜伏期。
