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I could take the judgment if you could just provide the service: non-prescription syringe purchase experience at Arizona pharmacies, 2018.如果您能提供服务，我可以承担后果：亚利桑那州药店 2018 年非处方注射器购买体验。
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本文引用的文献

1
Access to sterile syringes in Maine: pharmacy practice after the 1993 repeal of the syringe prescription law.缅因州无菌注射器的获取情况：1993年注射器处方法废除后的药房实践。
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1998;18 Suppl 1:S94-101. doi: 10.1097/00042560-199802001-00017.
2
Income inequality and mortality in metropolitan areas of the United States.美国大都市地区的收入不平等与死亡率
Am J Public Health. 1998 Jul;88(7):1074-80. doi: 10.2105/ajph.88.7.1074.
3
The estimated prevalence and incidence of HIV in 96 large US metropolitan areas.美国96个大型都市地区艾滋病毒的估计患病率和发病率。
Am J Public Health. 1996 May;86(5):642-54. doi: 10.2105/ajph.86.5.642.
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Inequality in income and mortality in the United States: analysis of mortality and potential pathways.美国收入与死亡率的不平等：死亡率及潜在路径分析
BMJ. 1996 Apr 20;312(7037):999-1003. doi: 10.1136/bmj.312.7037.999.
5
Impact of increased legal access to needles and syringes on practices of injecting-drug users and police officers--Connecticut, 1992-1993.1992 - 1993年康涅狄格州增加针头和注射器合法获取途径对注射吸毒者及警察行为的影响
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1995 Sep 1;10(1):82-9.
6
In eastern Connecticut, IDUs purchase syringes from pharmacies but don't carry syringes.在康涅狄格州东部，注射吸毒者从药店购买注射器，但不随身携带。
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1995 Sep 1;10(1):104-5. doi: 10.1097/00042560-199509000-00016.
7
Risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus seroconversion among out-of-treatment drug injectors in high and low seroprevalence cities. The National AIDS Research Consortium.高血清流行率城市和低血清流行率城市中未接受治疗的药物注射者感染人类免疫缺陷病毒血清转化的风险因素。国家艾滋病研究联盟。
Am J Epidemiol. 1995 Oct 15;142(8):864-74. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117726.
8
Intravenous drug abusers and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Demographic, drug use, and needle-sharing patterns.静脉注射吸毒者与获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）。人口统计学、吸毒情况及共用针头模式。
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HIV-1 infection among intravenous drug users in Manhattan, New York City, from 1977 through 1987.1977年至1987年纽约市曼哈顿静脉吸毒者中的HIV-1感染情况。
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Race/ethnicity as a risk factor for HIV-1 infection among Connecticut intravenous drug users.
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禁止向注射吸毒者非处方销售注射器的法律：与人口密度、艾滋病毒流行率和艾滋病毒发病率的关系。

Laws prohibiting over-the-counter syringe sales to injection drug users: relations to population density, HIV prevalence, and HIV incidence.

作者信息

Friedman S R, Perlis T, Des Jarlais D C

机构信息

National Development and Research Institutes, Inc, Two World Trade Center, 16th Fl, New York, NY 10048, USA.

出版信息

Am J Public Health. 2001 May;91(5):791-3. doi: 10.2105/ajph.91.5.791.

DOI:10.2105/ajph.91.5.791
PMID:11344889
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1446682/
Abstract

OBJECTIVES

This study sought to assess relations of laws prohibiting over-the-counter syringe sales (anti-OTC laws) to population prevalence of injection drug users and HIV prevalence or incidence among 96 US metropolitan areas.

METHODS

A cross-sectional analysis was used.

RESULTS

Metropolitan areas with anti-OTC laws had a higher mean HIV prevalence (13.8% vs 6.7%) than other metropolitan areas (pseudo-P < .001). In 83 metropolitan areas with HIV prevalence of less than 20%, anti-OTC laws were associated with HIV incidence rates of 1% or greater (pseudo-P < .001). Population proportions of injection drug users did not vary by presence of anti-OTC laws.

CONCLUSIONS

Anti-OTC laws are not associated with lower population proportions of injection drug users. Laws restricting syringe access are associated with HIV transmission and should be repealed.

摘要

目的

本研究旨在评估禁止非处方销售注射器的法律（反非处方销售法律）与美国96个大都市地区注射吸毒者的人口患病率以及艾滋病毒患病率或发病率之间的关系。

方法

采用横断面分析。

结果

实施反非处方销售法律的大都市地区的艾滋病毒平均患病率（13.8%对6.7%）高于其他大都市地区（伪P<0.001）。在艾滋病毒患病率低于20%的83个大都市地区，反非处方销售法律与1%或更高的艾滋病毒发病率相关（伪P<0.001）。注射吸毒者的人口比例不因反非处方销售法律的存在而有所不同。

结论

反非处方销售法律与注射吸毒者较低的人口比例无关。限制注射器获取的法律与艾滋病毒传播有关，应予以废除。