McNab B K, Bonaccorso F J
Department of Zoology, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, USA.
J Comp Physiol B. 2001 Apr;171(3):201-14. doi: 10.1007/s003600000163.
Rate of metabolism and body temperature were measured in eight species of pteropodid bats that live in Papua New Guinea. These data and those from 13 other species available in the literature are examined to determine the factors with which the energetics of pteropodids are correlated. Lowland populations of species that weigh < 35 g generally have low basal rates and often become torpid, whereas their highland populations had standard or high basal rates and were precise thermoregulators, as were all adult pteropodids that weighed more than 60 g. In large pteropodids belonging to the genera Dobsonia and Pteropus, females are smaller and consequently have lower total basal rates than males. Compared to species found on continents and large islands, species limited in distribution to small islands have lower basal rates, both because of a smaller mass and a reduction of metabolism independent of body mass. These trends are most marked in females that belong to small-island species, adjustments that may facilitate reproduction and survival on small oceanic islands with a limited resource base. Minimal thermal conductances are usually low in species that roost exposed in trees, whereas large species that roost in caves have either standard or high conductances.
对生活在巴布亚新几内亚的8种狐蝠科蝙蝠的新陈代谢率和体温进行了测量。研究人员对这些数据以及文献中其他13种蝙蝠的数据进行了分析，以确定与狐蝠能量学相关的因素。体重小于35克的物种的低地种群通常基础代谢率较低，且常常进入蛰伏状态，而它们的高地种群则具有标准或较高的基础代谢率，并且是精确的体温调节者，体重超过60克的所有成年狐蝠也是如此。在属于多布森狐蝠属和狐蝠属的大型狐蝠中，雌性体型较小，因此总基础代谢率低于雄性。与在大陆和大岛屿上发现的物种相比，分布仅限于小岛屿的物种基础代谢率较低，这既是因为体型较小，也是因为与体重无关的代谢率降低。这些趋势在属于小岛屿物种的雌性中最为明显，这些适应性变化可能有助于在资源基础有限的小海洋岛屿上繁殖和生存。通常，栖息在树上的物种的最小热导率较低，而栖息在洞穴中的大型物种的热导率则为标准或较高。
