Owens W E, Nickerson S C, Boddie R L, Tomita G M, Ray C H
Mastitis Research Laboratory, Hill Farm Research Station, Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Homer 71040, USA.
J Dairy Sci. 2001 Apr;84(4):814-7. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)74538-9.
Dairy heifers were treated 0 to 90 d, 90 to 180 d, or 180 to 270 d prepartum with one of five different antibiotic products to determine the best time and with which product they should be treated prior to calving. Two hundred thirty-three heifers were included in the study. At the initial sampling, 56.5% of quarters were infected with some type of organism and 15.4% of quarters were infected with Staphylococcus aureus. Treatments included a cephapirin dry cow product, a penicillin-novobiocin dry cow product, a penicillin-streptomycin dry cow product, an experimental dry cow product containing tilmicosin, and a cephalonium dry cow product not available in the United States. Cure rates for the five antibiotic products indicated that all were equally effective against Staph. aureus and all were significantly more effective than the spontaneous cure rate observed in untreated control quarters. No differences in efficacy were observed due to the different treatment times prepartum. However, fewer new Staph. aureus infections occurred after treatment in the group treated at 180 to 270 d prepartum, indicating that treatment in the third trimester will reduce the chances of new intramammary infections occurring after treatment and persisting to calving.
在产前0至90天、90至180天或180至270天，用五种不同的抗生素产品之一对奶牛小母牛进行治疗，以确定最佳治疗时间以及产犊前应使用哪种产品进行治疗。该研究纳入了233头小母牛。在初始采样时，56.5%的乳腺象限感染了某种类型的微生物，15.4%的乳腺象限感染了金黄色葡萄球菌。治疗方法包括一种头孢匹林干奶牛产品、一种青霉素-新生霉素干奶牛产品、一种青霉素-链霉素干奶牛产品、一种含替米考星的试验性干奶牛产品，以及一种在美国无法获得的头孢洛宁干奶牛产品。这五种抗生素产品的治愈率表明，它们对金黄色葡萄球菌的疗效相同，且均显著高于未治疗的对照乳腺象限的自然治愈率。未观察到因产前治疗时间不同而导致的疗效差异。然而，在产前180至270天接受治疗的组中，治疗后新发生的金黄色葡萄球菌感染较少，这表明在妊娠晚期进行治疗将降低治疗后发生新的乳房内感染并持续至产犊的几率。
