Tavares B F, Béria J U, Silva de Lima M
Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
Rev Saude Publica. 2001 Apr;35(2):150-8. doi: 10.1590/s0034-89102001000200008.
To assess the prevalence of drug use among teenagers.
A cross-sectional study was carried out in Pelotas, Southern Brazil, in 1998. An anonymous, self-administered questionnaire was answered by a sample of 2,410 students with ages ranging from 10 to 19 years old, registered in all public and private high schools of the area. The schools were visited up to three times to reach absent students.
The attrition rate was 8%. The substances mostly used by the students were alcohol (86.8%), tobacco (41.0%), marijuana (13.9%), inhalants (11.6%), anxiolytic drugs (8.0%), amphetamines (4.3%), and cocaine (3.2%). Marijuana, inhalants and cocaine were used mainly by male students, while anxiolytics and amphetamines were used mainly by female students. Alcohol consumption in the last 30 days, frequent drug use, heavy drinking and alcohol intoxication were more prevalent among males. After controlling for confounding factors, there was still an association between drug use (except for alcohol and tobacco) and evening courses, higher degree of nonattendance in the previous month and higher rate of school failure.
The prevalence of drug experimentation among high school teenagers is high, indicating the importance of early detection of risk groups and development of programs to prevent drug abuse and addiction.
评估青少年吸毒的流行情况。
1998年在巴西南部的佩洛塔斯开展了一项横断面研究。对该地区所有公立和私立高中登记在册的2410名年龄在10至19岁之间的学生样本进行了匿名的自填式问卷调查。为找到缺勤学生，对学校进行了多达三次的走访。
损耗率为8%。学生使用最多的物质是酒精（86.8%）、烟草（41.0%）、大麻（13.9%）、吸入剂（11.6%）、抗焦虑药物（8.0%）、安非他明（4.3%）和可卡因（3.2%）。大麻、吸入剂和可卡因主要由男学生使用，而抗焦虑药物和安非他明主要由女学生使用。在过去30天内饮酒、频繁吸毒、酗酒和酒精中毒在男性中更为普遍。在控制混杂因素后，吸毒（酒精和烟草除外）与夜校课程、前一个月较高的缺勤率和较高的辍学率之间仍存在关联。
高中青少年中药物试验的流行率很高，这表明早期发现风险群体以及制定预防药物滥用和成瘾计划的重要性。
