Vogel H
MMW Munch Med Wochenschr. 1979 Jul 13;121(28):943-6.
Radiation risk is estimated from the values on radiation risk of the International Council on Radiation Protection and from our own measurements. According to these, 1 malignant growth induced by radiation is found in about 160,000 urograms, 300,000 contrast enemata or 500,000 contrast meals. In radiodiagnosis of the central nervous system the values for carotid angiograms is about 60,000, for vertebral angiograms about 16,000, for computer tomography about 50,000 and about 500,000 examinations of the skull in two planes. A mutation-induced deformity due to radiation occurs in about 4,300--26,000 colon contrast enemata, about 43,000 to 280,000 contrast meals and about 41,000 respectively 14,000 urograms in men and women in the reproductive years.
辐射风险是根据国际辐射防护委员会的辐射风险值以及我们自己的测量结果估算得出的。据此，在约160,000次尿路造影、300,000次结肠造影或500,000次造影餐中会发现1例由辐射诱发的恶性肿瘤。在中枢神经系统的放射诊断中，颈动脉血管造影的风险值约为60,000，椎动脉血管造影约为16,000，计算机断层扫描约为50,000，以及在两个平面进行的约500,000次颅骨检查。在育龄期男性和女性中，约4300 - 26000次结肠造影、约43000至280000次造影餐以及约41000次和14000次尿路造影分别会出现1例由辐射引起的突变性畸形。
