Russell B M, Kay B H, Shipton W
Queensland Institute of Medical Research and University of Queensland Tropical Health Program, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Australia.
J Med Entomol. 2001 May;38(3):441-5. doi: 10.1603/0022-2585-38.3.441.
The effect of a protracted dry season on the viability of Ae. aegypti (L.) eggs was examined in Townsville, northern Queensland, Australia. Eggs were placed in several different surface and subterranean larval habitats; and after four dry season months, only 1-10% of eggs remained viable in the surface and subterranean sites, respectively. Low humidity and predation by Periplaneta americana (L.) were the major causes of egg mortality in eggs in surface sites. P. americana was the most significant cause of egg predation in subterranean breeding sites but fungi, especially Penicillium citrinum Thom, covered egg batches within 15 d. Mycotoxins produced by the spores of P. citrinum are believed to have killed embryonating eggs. The high mortality rate of Ae. aegypti eggs during the dry season suggests that this survival strategy is unlikely to contribute to rapid and successful recolonization of surface sites at the end of the wet season.
在澳大利亚昆士兰州北部的汤斯维尔，研究了漫长旱季对埃及伊蚊卵活力的影响。将卵放置在几个不同的地表和地下幼虫栖息地；经过四个旱季月份后，地表和地下场所中分别只有1%-10%的卵仍具活力。低湿度和美洲大蠊的捕食是地表场所中卵死亡的主要原因。美洲大蠊是地下繁殖场所中卵被捕食的最主要原因，但真菌，尤其是桔青霉，在15天内覆盖了卵块。据信，桔青霉孢子产生的霉菌毒素杀死了正在胚胎发育的卵。埃及伊蚊卵在旱季的高死亡率表明，这种生存策略不太可能有助于在雨季结束时迅速且成功地重新定殖于地表场所。
