Blum R W, Kelly A, Ireland M
Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 2001 Jun;28(6):481-90. doi: 10.1016/s1054-139x(01)00201-4.
To identify the risk involvement of three groups of young people with disabilities relative to a comparison group: mobility impairments, learning disabilities, and emotional disabilities. Protective factors are explored to identify which individual, family, and school factors are associated with diminished risk.
Analyses are based on the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health), a nationally representative sample of 20,780 seventh- through 12(th)-grade youth in the United States. Five negative health outcomes were studied: suicide attempts, sexual abuse, regular cigarette smoker, alcohol use, and marijuana use. For bivariate analyses Student's t-test and Chi-square were used, and logistic regressions were performed on all dichotomized dependent variables.
For most risk behaviors studied, youth with disabilities were more involved than peers. Factors that predisposed to risk varied little between those with and without disabilities. Likewise, there was substantial consistency between groups as to protective factors. What distinguished each group of young people with disabilities from peers is that they reported significantly more exposure to risk factors and significantly fewer protective factors.
确定三组残疾青年相对于对照组在风险方面的参与情况：行动障碍、学习障碍和情绪障碍。探索保护因素，以确定哪些个人、家庭和学校因素与风险降低相关。
分析基于美国青少年健康全国纵向研究（Add Health），这是一个具有全国代表性的样本，包含20780名美国7至12年级的青少年。研究了五种负面健康结果：自杀未遂、性虐待、经常吸烟、饮酒和使用大麻。对于双变量分析，使用了学生t检验和卡方检验，并对所有二分的因变量进行了逻辑回归。
对于大多数所研究的风险行为，残疾青年比同龄人参与度更高。有残疾和无残疾的人之间，易引发风险的因素差异不大。同样，在保护因素方面，各群体之间也有很大的一致性。将每组残疾青年与同龄人区分开来的是，他们报告接触的风险因素明显更多，而保护因素明显更少。
