尼日利亚埃努古都会区残疾成年人的社会人口学因素和健康状况。

Socio-demographic factors and health status of adults with disability in Enugu Metropolis, Nigeria.

机构信息

Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka.

出版信息

Malawi Med J. 2021 Mar;33(1):37-47. doi: 10.4314/mmj.v33i1.6.

DOI:10.4314/mmj.v33i1.6

PMID:34422232

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8360292/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Disability is a major determinant of impaired health and nutritional status. This study aims to assess the health and nutritional status of adults with disability and their relationship with socio-demographic factors.

METHODS

A descriptive cross-sectional study of 323 adults with disability in support-centers/schools of disability in Enugu Metropolis, Nigeria was conducted. The participants' socio-demographic factors, behavioural characteristics and 24-hour dietary recall were recorded. Blood pressure and anthropometric measurements of height, weight, waist and hip circumference were obtained. The height and weight measurements of non-ambulatory participants were estimated from knee height and mid-arm circumference. Biochemical analyses of blood samples were also performed. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess the effect of socio-demographic factors on health and nutritional status.

RESULTS

The participants consisted of females (59.3%) within the age of 20 to 30 years (59.1%). The major area of difficulty was in physical mobility (51.1%) and this occurred mostly in females (26.9%). The participants' mean daily intakes of calorie, protein and fat were below the recommended dietary allowances. The participants were overweight (49.2%), obese (4.6%), hypertensive (29.7%) and diabetic (12.1%). Dyslipidemia (81.8%), anemia (63.6%) and zinc deficiency (51.1%) were highly prevalent among the study group. Gender difference was observed in alcohol consumption (p=0.000), smoking habit (p=0.001), waist circumference (WC)(p=0.000), waist-hip-ratio (WHR) (p=0.000), triglyceride (p=0.026) and haemoglobin concentration (p=0.007). Being boarder was a positive predictor of overweight/obesity (OR= 2.974, 95% CI=1.449-6.104), abnormal WHR (OR=2.893, 95% CI = 1.073-7.801) and hypertension (OR=8.381, 95% CI=1.598-13.959). Female gender was associated with abnormal WC (OR=7.219, 95% CI=3.116-14.228) and WHR (OR=3.590, 95% CI=2.095-6.150) whereas older age-group was associated with overweight/obesity (OR=1.908, 95% CI=1.137- 3.202). Being employed was a negative predictor of hypertension.

CONCLUSION

Overweight/obesity, anemia, zinc deficiency and dyslipidemia were highly prevalent among persons living with disability in Enugu Metropolis.

摘要

背景

残疾是健康和营养状况受损的主要决定因素。本研究旨在评估残疾成年人的健康和营养状况及其与社会人口因素的关系。

方法

在尼日利亚埃努古都会区的残疾支持中心/学校对 323 名残疾成年人进行了描述性横断面研究。记录了参与者的社会人口因素、行为特征和 24 小时饮食回忆。测量了血压和身高、体重、腰围和臀围的人体测量学测量值。非步行参与者的身高测量值是根据膝高和中臂围来估计的。还对血液样本进行了生化分析。多因素逻辑回归用于评估社会人口因素对健康和营养状况的影响。

结果

参与者中女性（59.3%）年龄在 20 至 30 岁之间（59.1%）。主要的困难领域是身体活动能力（51.1%），这主要发生在女性（26.9%）中。参与者的每日卡路里、蛋白质和脂肪摄入量均低于推荐的膳食摄入量。参与者超重（49.2%）、肥胖（4.6%）、高血压（29.7%）和糖尿病（12.1%）。血脂异常（81.8%）、贫血（63.6%）和缺锌（51.1%）在研究组中非常普遍。在饮酒（p=0.000）、吸烟习惯（p=0.001）、腰围（p=0.000）、腰臀比（p=0.000）、甘油三酯（p=0.026）和血红蛋白浓度（p=0.007）方面观察到性别差异。寄宿是超重/肥胖（OR=2.974，95%CI=1.449-6.104）、异常腰臀比（OR=2.893，95%CI=1.073-7.801）和高血压（OR=8.381，95%CI=1.598-13.959）的正预测因子。女性与异常腰围（OR=7.219，95%CI=3.116-14.228）和腰臀比（OR=3.590，95%CI=2.095-6.150）相关，而年龄较大与超重/肥胖（OR=1.908，95%CI=1.137-3.202）相关。就业是高血压的负预测因子。