Chung Y J, Saier M H
Department of Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Curr Opin Drug Discov Devel. 2001 Mar;4(2):237-45.
Multidrug resistance (MDR) efflux pumps in pathogenic microorganisms nullify the effects of antimicrobial drugs used in medicine. We have conducted phylogenetic analyses showing that these efflux pumps are associated with five superfamilies of transport systems. One of these, the drug/metabolite transporter (DMT) superfamily includes a family of small multidrug resistance (SMR)-conferring proteins that are discussed in detail in this review. A single microorganism such as Bacillus subtilis may possess multiple homologs of this family, and these homologs are believed to form both homo-oligomeric or hetero-oligomeric pumps, some of which export cationic drugs. The characteristics of some of these systems and the genes that encode them are described, with emphasis on the eight homologs encoded within the B subtilis genome. Anomalies and unanswered questions that provide impetus for future studies are presented.
致病微生物中的多药耐药（MDR）外排泵会使医学中使用的抗菌药物失效。我们进行的系统发育分析表明，这些外排泵与五个转运系统超家族相关。其中之一，药物/代谢物转运蛋白（DMT）超家族包括一类赋予小多药耐药性（SMR）的蛋白质，本综述将对此进行详细讨论。单个微生物，如枯草芽孢杆菌，可能拥有该家族的多个同源物，并且这些同源物被认为会形成同聚体或异聚体外排泵，其中一些会输出阳离子药物。本文描述了其中一些系统及其编码基因的特征，重点是枯草芽孢杆菌基因组中编码的八个同源物。还提出了推动未来研究的异常现象和未解决的问题。
