Bertsch T, Casarin W, Kretschmar M, Zimmer W, Walter S, Sommer C, Muehlhauser F, Ragoschke A, Kuehl S, Schmidt R, Eden B P, Nassabi C, Nichterlein T, Fassbender K
Departmentof Clinical Chemistry, Clinic Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
Clin Chem Lab Med. 2001 Apr;39(4):319-23. doi: 10.1515/CCLM.2001.050.
The S-100B protein is released by injured astrocytes. After passage through a disintegrated blood-brain barrier (BBB) the molecule can be detected in the peripheral circulation. We investigated the association between the extent of brain injury and S-100B concentration in serum in cerebral injury caused by cerebral ischemia and cerebral fungal infection. Study I: The S-100B serum concentration was serially determined in 24 patients with ischemic stroke at 4, 8, 10, 24, 72 hours after the onset of symptoms. We observed that patients with brain lesions larger than 5 cm3 exhibited significantly increased serum levels of S-100B at 10, 24 and 72 hours compared to those with lesion volumes below 5 cm3. Furthermore, an association between S-100B serum concentration and neurological outcome was observed. Study II: In a mouse model of systemic fungal infection with Candida albicans we observed that serum levels of S-100B increased at day 1 after intravenous infection. At this time we could histologically demonstrate brain tissue injury by invading hyphae which had crossed the BBB. Furthermore, reactive astrogliosis was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry. On day 7 we found a significant decrease of S-100B serum level compared to day 1 and 4. This was associated with a demarcation of the fungi with leukocytes in brain tissue at this late phase of infection. No further invasion through the BBB was seen on day 7. In conclusion, serum levels of S-100B reflect the time course of tissue injury in cerebral ischemia and cerebral infection to a similar extent. Thus, S-100B may be a useful marker to assess cerebral tissue injury.
S-100B蛋白由受损的星形胶质细胞释放。该分子通过解体的血脑屏障（BBB）进入外周循环后即可被检测到。我们研究了脑缺血和脑真菌感染所致脑损伤中脑损伤程度与血清S-100B浓度之间的关联。研究I：对24例缺血性脑卒中患者在症状发作后4、8、10、24、72小时连续测定血清S-100B浓度。我们观察到，与病变体积小于5 cm³的患者相比，病变大于5 cm³的患者在10、24和72小时时血清S-100B水平显著升高。此外，还观察到血清S-100B浓度与神经功能转归之间存在关联。研究II：在白色念珠菌系统性真菌感染的小鼠模型中，我们观察到静脉感染后第1天血清S-100B水平升高。此时，我们通过组织学方法证实了侵袭性菌丝穿过血脑屏障造成的脑组织损伤。此外，免疫组化显示有反应性星形胶质细胞增生。在第7天，我们发现血清S-100B水平与第1天和第4天相比显著下降。这与感染后期脑组织中真菌与白细胞的分界有关。在第7天未观察到真菌进一步穿过血脑屏障。总之，血清S-100B水平在相似程度上反映了脑缺血和脑感染中组织损伤的时间进程。因此，S-100B可能是评估脑组织损伤的有用标志物。
