Beauchaine T
Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle 98195-1525, USA.
Dev Psychopathol. 2001 Spring;13(2):183-214. doi: 10.1017/s0954579401002012.
In the last decade, cardiac vagal tone has emerged as a psychophysiological marker of many aspects of behavioral functioning in both children and adults. Research efforts during this time have produced an extensive list of vagal tone correlates that includes temperamental variables as well as both anxious/internalizing and disruptive/externalizing behaviors. This potentially confusing state of affairs is compounded by developmental shifts in vagal tone behavior relations that to date have not been elucidated. In this paper, the vagal tone literature is reviewed, and discrepancies, including the lack of specificity of vagal tone as a psychophysiological marker, are clarified. Such clarification requires that we (a) view vagal tone-behavior relations in developmental context, (b) juxtapose vagal tone-behavior relations in typical and atypical samples, and (c) consider the parasympathetic underpinnings of vagal tone as but one component in a broader model of autonomic nervous system functioning. Such a model is provided by combining Gray's motivational theory with Porges's polyvagal theory. Together these models account for behavioral and emotional differences in a diverse range of psychological disorders that are not differentiated by either model alone. Moreover, use of the integrated model offers a theory-driven approach to the study of autonomic nervous system-behavior relations.
在过去十年中，心脏迷走神经张力已成为儿童和成人行为功能多个方面的心理生理标志物。在此期间的研究工作产生了大量迷走神经张力相关因素，包括气质变量以及焦虑/内化行为和破坏/外化行为。迷走神经张力与行为关系的发育变化迄今尚未阐明，这可能会使情况变得混乱。本文回顾了迷走神经张力的文献，并澄清了一些差异，包括迷走神经张力作为心理生理标志物缺乏特异性的问题。这种澄清要求我们：（a）在发育背景下看待迷走神经张力与行为的关系；（b）将典型样本和非典型样本中的迷走神经张力与行为关系并列起来；（c）将迷走神经张力的副交感神经基础视为自主神经系统功能更广泛模型中的一个组成部分。通过将格雷的动机理论与波格斯的多重迷走神经理论相结合，提供了这样一个模型。这些模型共同解释了一系列心理障碍中的行为和情感差异，而单独任何一个模型都无法区分这些差异。此外，使用综合模型为自主神经系统与行为关系的研究提供了一种理论驱动的方法。
