Daftary G S, Taylor H S
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8063, USA.
Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2001 Jun;13(3):269-74. doi: 10.1097/00001703-200106000-00004.
The endometrium has been conventionally studied using histologic criteria. Our understanding of endometrial physiology has been advanced tremendously by research into the molecules that mediate its development and function. These molecules demonstrate a dynamic expression pattern through the menstrual cycle and have been implicated in endometrial growth, differentiation, and receptivity. These molecules include secreted proteins (endometrial bleeding-associated factor, glycodelin-A, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1), cell-surface receptors (integrins), and nuclear transcription factors (HOXA10 and HOXA11). The homeobox genes Hoxa10 and Hoxa11 are necessary for implantation because mice with mutations in these genes exhibit a failure of implantation. HOXA10 and HOXA11 have been shown to be important for implantation in humans as well. Knowledge of endometrial molecular dynamics may now be used to enhance our ability to diagnose implantation defects. It may soon be possible to treat individual molecular defects by protein supplementation or gene therapy.
传统上，子宫内膜是通过组织学标准进行研究的。对介导子宫内膜发育和功能的分子的研究极大地推进了我们对子宫内膜生理学的理解。这些分子在月经周期中呈现出动态表达模式，并与子宫内膜的生长、分化和容受性有关。这些分子包括分泌蛋白（子宫内膜出血相关因子、糖蛋白A、胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-1）、细胞表面受体（整合素）和核转录因子（HOXA10和HOXA11）。同源框基因Hoxa10和Hoxa11对植入是必需的，因为这些基因发生突变的小鼠表现出植入失败。HOXA10和HOXA11对人类植入也很重要。现在，对子宫内膜分子动力学的了解可用于提高我们诊断植入缺陷的能力。不久之后，或许可以通过补充蛋白质或基因疗法来治疗个体分子缺陷。
