Gysels M, Pool R, Bwanika K
Medical Research Council Programme on AIDS in Uganda, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda.
AIDS Care. 2001 Jun;13(3):373-85. doi: 10.1080/09540120120044026.
Although long distance truck drivers have been implicated in the spread of HIV in Africa, there is a paucity of studies of their sexual cultures. This paper reports on a study of the sexual culture of drivers, mediators and commercial sex workers (CSWs) in a roadside truck stop on the Trans-Africa highway in south west Uganda. Sixty-nine truck drivers, six middlemen and 12 CSWs were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires. Interviewing truck drivers also entailed participating in the town's nightlife and spending much time in the bars. Truck drivers stop briefly at the truck stop for various reasons: to eat, sleep, have sex and sell goods they are carrying. Middlemen mediate the latter two activities. Middlemen buy goods from the drivers and introduce them to 'suitable' women with whom they can have casual sex. Most drivers have sex when they spend the night at the truck stop, and most make use of the services of the middlemen. The most important reasons why drivers use middlemen are that the latter speak the local languages and, in particular, know the trustworthy and 'safe' (HIV-negative) women. The CSWs use middlemen mainly because they are a guarantee that the driver will pay and they usually ensure that drivers pay well. The mediation system is becoming increasingly professionalized. Most drivers claimed to use condoms during casual sex, and this was confirmed by the CSWs. General use of condoms is encouraging, particularly given the context of a culture generally opposed to condoms. The idea that middlemen can recognize 'safe' women is worrying. However, given their key position, middlemen could form the hub of an opinion leader type intervention focused on drivers and the professional group of sex workers described here, providing condoms, advising about the importance of condom use in all casual sexual encounters, giving information about HIV and STDs, and possibly referring drivers and women to appropriate sources of HIV counselling and testing and STD treatment.
虽然长途卡车司机被认为在非洲艾滋病病毒传播中起到了一定作用，但其性文化方面的研究却很匮乏。本文报告了一项对乌干达西南部跨非洲高速公路边一个卡车停靠站的司机、中间人及商业性工作者性文化的研究。采用半结构化问卷对69名卡车司机、6名中间人和12名商业性工作者进行了访谈。采访卡车司机还需要参与镇上的夜生活并在酒吧里待很长时间。卡车司机因各种原因在卡车停靠站短暂停留：吃饭、睡觉、做爱以及售卖所运货物。中间人促成后两项活动。中间人从司机那里购买货物，并将他们介绍给可以随意发生性关系的“合适”女性。大多数司机在卡车停靠站过夜时会发生性行为，且大多数会利用中间人的服务。司机使用中间人最重要的原因是后者会说当地语言，尤其是他们认识可靠且“安全”（艾滋病病毒阴性）的女性。商业性工作者使用中间人主要是因为他们能保证司机付款，而且通常能确保司机付足钱。这种中介系统正变得越来越专业化。大多数司机称在随意性行为中会使用避孕套，商业性工作者也证实了这一点。避孕套的普遍使用令人鼓舞，尤其是在一个普遍反对使用避孕套的文化背景下。中间人能识别“安全”女性这种观念令人担忧。然而，鉴于他们的关键地位，中间人可以成为一种意见领袖型干预措施的核心，该措施针对这里所描述的司机和专业性工作者群体，提供避孕套，就所有随意性接触中使用避孕套的重要性提供建议，提供有关艾滋病病毒和性传播感染的信息，并可能将司机和女性转介到适当的艾滋病病毒咨询检测和性传播感染治疗机构。
