Amici R, Morales-Cobas G, Jones C A, Perez E, Torterolo P, Zamboni G, Parmeggiani P L
Dipartimento di Fisiologia Umana e Generale, Università di Bologna, Piazza di Porta S. Donato 2, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
Behav Brain Res. 2001 Sep 14;123(2):155-63. doi: 10.1016/s0166-4328(01)00203-0.
From a physiological viewpoint, REM sleep (REMS) is a period during which homeostatic physiological regulations are impaired. In the rat, REMS occurs in two forms respectively characterized by episodes separated by long intervals (single REMS episodes) and by episodes which have short intervals and occur in sequences (REMS clusters). Since the partition of REMS in the form of either single or clustered episodes may reveal how the REMS drive and body homeostatic processes interact in the control of REMS occurrence, we have used this approach to clarify the effects of the rhythmical delivery of an auditory stimulus (1000 Hz, 63 or 88 dB, 50 ms, every 20 s), which has been previously observed by different authors to enhance REMS in the absence of a previous sleep deprivation. Stimuli were delivered to pairs of animals and triggered by the occurrence of REMS in one rat (REMS-selective stimulation), whilst the other animal received the same stimulus irrespectively of the stage of the wake-sleep cycle (REMS-unselective stimulation). The results showed that the REMS-selective stimulation did not change the overall amount of REMS, since an increase in the occurrence of REMS clusters was concomitant with a decrease in the occurrence of single REMS episodes. In contrast, under the REMS-unselective stimulation, the total amount of REMS was increased during the second day of stimulation through an increase in the duration of both types of REMS episodes. Since during the REMS-unselective stimulation 87% of the stimuli fell outside REMS (i.e., during the REMS interval), the results show that the occurrence of REMS is more consistently affected when the stimuli are delivered in a period during which homeostatic physiological regulations are fully operant.
从生理学角度来看，快速眼动睡眠（REMS）期间稳态生理调节受到损害。在大鼠中，REMS以两种形式出现，分别表现为间隔较长的发作（单个REMS发作）和间隔较短且连续出现的发作（REMS簇）。由于REMS以单个或成簇发作的形式划分可能揭示REMS驱动力与身体稳态过程在控制REMS发生过程中的相互作用，我们采用这种方法来阐明听觉刺激（1000Hz，63或88dB，50ms，每20秒一次）节律性传递的影响，此前不同作者已观察到在没有预先睡眠剥夺的情况下这种刺激可增强REMS。刺激施加于成对的动物，由一只大鼠的REMS发作触发（REMS选择性刺激），而另一只动物无论处于觉醒 - 睡眠周期的哪个阶段都接受相同的刺激（REMS非选择性刺激）。结果表明，REMS选择性刺激并未改变REMS的总量，因为REMS簇出现的增加与单个REMS发作出现的减少相伴。相比之下，在REMS非选择性刺激下，刺激第二天REMS总量通过两种类型的REMS发作持续时间的增加而增加。由于在REMS非选择性刺激期间，87%的刺激落在REMS之外（即在REMS间隔期间），结果表明，当刺激在稳态生理调节完全起作用的时期传递时，REMS的发生受到的影响更一致。
