Moon T W
Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, P.O. Box 450, Stn A, K1N 6N5, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2001 Jun;129(2-3):243-9. doi: 10.1016/s1096-4959(01)00316-5.
Teleost fish are generally considered to be glucose intolerant. This mini-review examines some of the background and the possible mechanistic bases for this statement. Glucose intolerance is a clinical mammalian term meaning that a glucose load results in persistent hyperglycemia. Teleost fish show persistent hyperglycemia that is generally coincident with transient hyperinsulinemia. The fact that teleost generally have high plasma insulin compared with mammals implies insulin-deficiency is not a suitable explanation for this persistent hyperglycemia. Instead, peripheral utilization of glucose is probably the principle cause of hyperglycemia. Recent evidence for muscle insulin receptors, glucose transporters and hexokinase/glucokinase is reviewed and future experimental directions are suggested. If by altering peripheral glucose utilization fish could become more glucose tolerant, costs to the aquaculture industry may be substantially reduced.
硬骨鱼通常被认为是葡萄糖不耐受的。这篇小型综述探讨了这一说法的一些背景及可能的机制基础。葡萄糖不耐受是一个临床哺乳动物术语，意思是葡萄糖负荷会导致持续性高血糖。硬骨鱼表现出持续性高血糖，通常与短暂性高胰岛素血症同时出现。与哺乳动物相比，硬骨鱼一般血浆胰岛素水平较高，这一事实表明胰岛素缺乏并非这种持续性高血糖的合适解释。相反，葡萄糖的外周利用可能是高血糖的主要原因。本文综述了近期关于肌肉胰岛素受体、葡萄糖转运体和己糖激酶/葡萄糖激酶的证据，并提出了未来的实验方向。如果通过改变外周葡萄糖利用，鱼类能够变得更耐葡萄糖，那么水产养殖业的成本可能会大幅降低。
