Aleksandrowicz M K, Aleksandrowicz D R
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 1975 Spring;5(3):174-81. doi: 10.1007/BF01433677.
The authors describe the emotional development of a girl whose behavior was assessed on the Brazelton Scale at various neonatal stages eight times over the 1st month of her life, examined by a psychologist at the age of 12 months, and seen in a family interview at 22 months. The child's Brazelton Scale scores are compared with mean scores obtained in a previous study of 44 subjects. A profile of the girl's inborn characteristics emerges, including average motor ability, high responsiveness to social (human) stimuli and body contact, and high ability to reduce tension caused by unpleasant stimuli. This inborn profile is reflected in the follow-up at the age of 12 and 22 months: the child is average in motor development, but well above average in social skills, including ability to initiate interaction and evoke physical closeness. The parents are seen as tolerant and warm, but undemonstrative, and the parent-child interaction demonstrates how the girl's inborn characteristics play a role in molding the parents' attitudes in a direction more responsive to the child's emotional needs and thus achieving a successful "biological fit." The authors point out that a dynamic diagnostic formulation needs to include the innate characteristics of the subject and that one should recognize the role of the innate characteristics in the transference.
作者描述了一名女孩的情感发展情况。在其出生后的第一个月里，该女孩在不同新生儿阶段接受了8次布雷泽尔顿量表评估；12个月大时接受了心理学家的检查；22个月大时接受了一次家庭访谈。将该女孩的布雷泽尔顿量表得分与之前对44名受试者的研究中获得的平均得分进行了比较。由此呈现出该女孩的先天特征概况，包括平均运动能力、对社会（人类）刺激和身体接触的高反应性，以及减轻由不愉快刺激引起的紧张情绪的高能力。这种先天特征概况在12个月和22个月大时的随访中得到体现：该儿童运动发育处于平均水平，但社交技能远高于平均水平，包括发起互动和唤起身体亲近的能力。其父母被认为宽容且热情，但不善于表达情感，亲子互动展示了女孩的先天特征如何在塑造父母态度方面发挥作用，使其朝着更能回应孩子情感需求的方向发展，从而实现成功的“生物适配”。作者指出，动态诊断表述需要纳入受试者的先天特征，并且应该认识到先天特征在移情中的作用。
