Poulsen S, Errboe M, Hovgaard O, Worthington H W
Department of Community Oral Health and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Aarhus, 9 Vennelyst Boulevard, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2001(2):CD001476. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001476.
Dentine hypersensitivity may be defined as the pain arising from exposed dentine, typically in response to external stimuli, and which cannot be explained by any other form of dental disease. Many treatment regimes have been recommended over the years, and in recent years particular attention has been focused on toothpastes containing potassium nitrate.
To compare the effectiveness of potassium nitrate containing toothpastes with placebo toothpastes in reducing dentine hypersensitivity.
The following databases were cross searched via the database host DIALOG: MEDLINE, EMBASE, ELSEVIER BIOBASE, BIOSIS PREVIEWS, CAB HEALTH, SCI SEARCH, CURRENT CONTENTS until 1 April 2000. The specialised Cochrane Oral Health Group Trials Register was also searched. Bibliographies of clinical studies and reviews identified in the electronic search were checked for studies published outside the electronically searched journals.
Randomised clinical trials (RCTs) in which the effect on dentine hypersensitivity of potassium nitrate toothpastes were tested against non-potassium nitrate containing placebo toothpastes.
Two of the reviewers independently recorded the results of the included trials using a specially designed chart. Sensitivity was assessed by using thermal, tactile, air blast, and subjective methods. The quality of all RCTs, that fulfilled the inclusion criteria, was acceptable with Jadad scores ranging from 3 to 4 (Jadad 1998).
Out of the eight studies that initially fulfilled the criteria to be included in the review, four studies did not present mean and standard deviations and could thus not be included in the meta-analysis. Three of these did not show an effect on any of the measurements of dentine hypersensitivity, while one did. Four studies were included in the meta-analysis which showed statistically significant effect of potassium nitrate toothpaste on air blast and tactile sensitivity, e.g. the meta analysis of air blast sensitivity showed a standardized mean difference in sensitivity score of -1.51 (95% CI: -2.09 to -0.94) in favour of treatment. The subjective assessment failed to show a significant effect at the six to eight week assessment.
REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: No strong evidence is available supporting the efficacy of potassium nitrate toothpaste for dentine hypersensitivity.
牙本质过敏可定义为因牙本质暴露而产生的疼痛，通常是对外部刺激的反应，且无法用任何其他形式的牙科疾病来解释。多年来已推荐了许多治疗方案，近年来，特别关注含硝酸钾的牙膏。
比较含硝酸钾牙膏与安慰剂牙膏在减轻牙本质过敏方面的效果。
通过数据库主机DIALOG对以下数据库进行交叉检索：MEDLINE、EMBASE、ELSEVIER BIOBASE、BIOSIS PREVIEWS、CAB HEALTH、SCI SEARCH、CURRENT CONTENTS，检索截至2000年4月1日。还检索了专门的Cochrane口腔健康小组试验注册库。检查了电子检索中确定的临床研究和综述的参考文献，以查找在电子检索期刊之外发表的研究。
随机临床试验（RCT），其中测试含硝酸钾牙膏对牙本质过敏的效果，并与不含硝酸钾的安慰剂牙膏进行对比。
两名评审员使用专门设计的图表独立记录纳入试验的结果。通过热、触觉、吹气和主观方法评估敏感性。所有符合纳入标准的RCT的质量都可以接受，Jadad评分范围为3至4分（Jadad，1998年）。
最初符合纳入综述标准的八项研究中，有四项研究未提供均值和标准差，因此无法纳入荟萃分析。其中三项研究对牙本质过敏的任何测量指标均未显示出效果，而有一项显示出效果。四项研究纳入了荟萃分析，结果显示硝酸钾牙膏对吹气和触觉敏感性有统计学显著效果，例如，吹气敏感性的荟萃分析显示，敏感性评分的标准化均值差异为-1.51（95%CI：-2.09至-0.94），有利于治疗。主观评估在6至8周评估时未显示出显著效果。
没有有力证据支持硝酸钾牙膏对牙本质过敏的疗效。
