Abarca K, Hirsch T, Potin M, Perret C, Zamorano J, González C, Vial P
Servicio de Pediatría Hospitales Clínico Universidad Católica de Chile.
Rev Med Chil. 2001 Apr;129(4):397-404.
The knowledge of varicella complications and their associated cost may help for a better evaluation of varicella immunization benefits.
To determine frequency, type, outcome and affected population of varicella complications in children requiring hospitalization, and to estimate their direct costs.
Retrospective analysis of medical records of children admitted to four hospitals in Santiago, Chile, due to varicella complications between January 1997 and February 1999. Calculation of direct costs of hospitalizations in a sample of 30 patients.
One hundred fifty four patients were identified, 74% were younger than 5 years old, only one was immunocompromised. Complications identified were skin and soft tissue infections in 63%, invasive infections in 25.3%, neurological in 7.1% and miscellaneous in 4.5%. Staphylococcus aureus and Group A beta-haemolytic Streptococcus (GABS) were predominantly isolated. S. aureus was the main agent identified in superficial infections and GABS in invasive infections (sterile sites). Two patients died due to invasive infections (streptococcal toxic shock and S. aureus septicaemia) and 11 required surgical procedures. The average cost per hospitalization was US$ 600 in public hospitals and US$ 1,800 in the private hospital.
Varicella complications requiring hospitalization are due mainly to bacterial infections and they affect immunocompetent toddlers. These complications can be severe and even fatal.
了解水痘并发症及其相关费用可能有助于更好地评估水痘免疫接种的益处。
确定需要住院治疗的儿童水痘并发症的发生率、类型、结局及受影响人群，并估算其直接费用。
对1997年1月至1999年2月间因水痘并发症入住智利圣地亚哥四家医院的儿童病历进行回顾性分析。计算30例患者样本的住院直接费用。
共识别出154例患者，74%年龄小于5岁，仅有1例免疫功能低下。确定的并发症包括皮肤和软组织感染占63%，侵袭性感染占25.3%，神经系统感染占7.1%，其他占4.5%。主要分离出金黄色葡萄球菌和A组β溶血性链球菌（GABS）。金黄色葡萄球菌是浅表感染中鉴定出的主要病原体，GABS是侵袭性感染（无菌部位）中的主要病原体。2例患者因侵袭性感染（链球菌中毒性休克和金黄色葡萄球菌败血症）死亡，11例需要手术治疗。公立医院每次住院的平均费用为600美元，私立医院为1800美元。
需要住院治疗的水痘并发症主要由细菌感染引起，且影响免疫功能正常的幼儿。这些并发症可能很严重，甚至致命。
