尼加拉瓜钩端螺旋体病的无症状感染及危险因素

Asymptomatic infection and risk factors for leptospirosis in Nicaragua.

作者信息

Ashford D A, Kaiser R M, Spiegel R A, Perkins B A, Weyant R S, Bragg S L, Plikaytis B, Jarquin C, De Lose Reyes J O, Amador J J

机构信息

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, Meningitis and Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.

出版信息

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2000 Nov-Dec;63(5-6):249-54.

PMID:11421372

Abstract

As part of an investigation of a 1995 outbreak of leptospirosis in Nicaragua, a cross-sectional serologic survey was conducted in the town of El Sauce. Of 566 persons, 85 (15%) were positive for IgM anti-Leptospira antibodies, indicating recent leptospirosis infection. Asymptomatic leptospirosis infection was common, with only 25 (29.4%) of the 85 seropositive inhabitants reporting a febrile illness in the 2 months before the survey. Multivariable analysis revealed that having an indoor water source remained independently protective against leptospirosis. Gathering wood was independently associated with infection. These findings suggest that asymptomatic infection with Leptospira is common in endemic areas of Leptospira transmission. Improvement in water sanitation and behavioral modifications to reduce environmental exposure may reduce the risk of leptospirosis in endemic regions.

摘要

作为对1995年尼加拉瓜钩端螺旋体病疫情调查的一部分，在埃尔绍塞镇开展了一项横断面血清学调查。在566人中，85人（15%）IgM抗钩端螺旋体抗体呈阳性，表明近期感染了钩端螺旋体病。无症状钩端螺旋体感染很常见，85名血清学阳性居民中只有25人（29.4%）报告在调查前两个月内有发热性疾病。多变量分析显示，有室内水源仍可独立起到预防钩端螺旋体病的作用。拾柴与感染独立相关。这些发现表明，在钩端螺旋体传播的流行地区，无症状钩端螺旋体感染很常见。改善水卫生设施并改变行为以减少环境暴露，可能会降低流行地区钩端螺旋体病的风险。