Curdy C, Kalia Y N, Guy R H
Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche et d'Enseignement, Universitie of Geneva, Archamps, France.
J Pharm Pharmacol. 2001 Jun;53(6):769-77. doi: 10.1211/0022357011776117.
The stratum corneum (SC), the outermost layer of the skin, presents a formidable barrier to transdermal drug delivery. As a result, different strategies have been developed to enhance drug transport into and through skin. Iontophoresis involves the application of a small electrical current which drives molecules across the skin and controls relatively well the rate of delivery. Although the technique has been widely investigated in-vitro, the evaluation of skin integrity in-vivo after iontophoresis is absolutely necessary for the future clinical application of this approach. This paper reviews the non-invasive biophysical techniques which have been used to assess the effects of current application on human skin in-vivo. Specifically, transepidermal water loss, infrared spectroscopy, impedance spectroscopy and skin blood flow measurements are discussed. After first presenting the basic principles of these methods, their application to the determination of SC barrier function and skin integrity is addressed, and the criteria for selecting the most appropriate approach are considered.
角质层（SC）作为皮肤的最外层，对经皮给药构成了巨大障碍。因此，人们开发了不同的策略来促进药物进入皮肤并透过皮肤。离子电渗疗法涉及施加小电流，该电流驱动分子穿过皮肤并相对较好地控制给药速率。尽管该技术已在体外得到广泛研究，但对于该方法未来的临床应用而言，对离子电渗疗法后体内皮肤完整性进行评估是绝对必要的。本文综述了用于评估体内电流施加对人体皮肤影响的非侵入性生物物理技术。具体讨论了经表皮水分流失、红外光谱、阻抗光谱和皮肤血流测量。在首先介绍这些方法的基本原理之后，阐述了它们在确定SC屏障功能和皮肤完整性方面的应用，并考虑了选择最合适方法的标准。
